Head of Ophthalmology Division, Taleghani Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2020 Sep;73(9):593-602. doi: 10.1038/s41429-020-0336-z. Epub 2020 Jun 12.
Ivermectin proposes many potentials effects to treat a range of diseases, with its antimicrobial, antiviral, and anti-cancer properties as a wonder drug. It is highly effective against many microorganisms including some viruses. In this comprehensive systematic review, antiviral effects of ivermectin are summarized including in vitro and in vivo studies over the past 50 years. Several studies reported antiviral effects of ivermectin on RNA viruses such as Zika, dengue, yellow fever, West Nile, Hendra, Newcastle, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, chikungunya, Semliki Forest, Sindbis, Avian influenza A, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome, Human immunodeficiency virus type 1, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Furthermore, there are some studies showing antiviral effects of ivermectin against DNA viruses such as Equine herpes type 1, BK polyomavirus, pseudorabies, porcine circovirus 2, and bovine herpesvirus 1. Ivermectin plays a role in several biological mechanisms, therefore it could serve as a potential candidate in the treatment of a wide range of viruses including COVID-19 as well as other types of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. In vivo studies of animal models revealed a broad range of antiviral effects of ivermectin, however, clinical trials are necessary to appraise the potential efficacy of ivermectin in clinical setting.
伊维菌素具有多种潜在的治疗作用，具有抗微生物、抗病毒和抗癌特性，堪称“神药”。它对许多微生物，包括一些病毒，都具有高度的有效性。在本次全面的系统综述中，总结了过去 50 年来伊维菌素的抗病毒作用，包括体外和体内研究。有几项研究报告了伊维菌素对 RNA 病毒（如寨卡病毒、登革热病毒、黄热病病毒、西尼罗河病毒、亨德拉病毒、新城疫病毒、委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒、基孔肯雅热病毒、塞姆利基森林病毒、辛德毕斯病毒、禽流感病毒 A、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2）的抗病毒作用。此外，还有一些研究表明伊维菌素对 DNA 病毒（如马疱疹病毒 1、BK 多瘤病毒、伪狂犬病病毒、猪圆环病毒 2 和牛疱疹病毒 1）具有抗病毒作用。伊维菌素在几种生物学机制中发挥作用，因此它可能成为治疗范围广泛的病毒的潜在候选药物，包括 COVID-19 以及其他类型的正链单链 RNA 病毒。动物模型的体内研究表明伊维菌素具有广泛的抗病毒作用，但仍需临床试验来评估伊维菌素在临床环境中的潜在疗效。
