Fournet A, Muñoz V, Manjon A M, Angelo A, Hocquemiller R, Cortes D, Cave A, Bruneton J
Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, ORSTOM-IBBA, La Paz, Bolivia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 1988 Dec;24(2-3):327-35. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(88)90162-6.
Leishmaniasis caused by protozoan Leishmania ssp., is an endemic parasitic disease in Central and South America. The chemotherapeutic agents against Leishmania ssp. (pentavalent antimony compounds, pentamidine and amphothericine B) are toxic and expensive products. Basing on the Bolivian folk medicine, we tried to find new active principles. Fourteen isoquinoline alkaloids, especially bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids extracted from Annonaceae, Berberidaceae, Hernandiaceae and Menispermaceae, demonstrate highly effective activity against this protozoan. Among them gyrocarpine, daphnandrine and obaberine seem to be of particular interest. The therapeutic effect was studied by biological assays on culture forms in vitro three strains of Leishmania, L. donovani, L. braziliensis (cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis), L. mexicana amazonensis (cutaneous) and L. donovani (visceral leishmaniasis).
由原生动物利什曼原虫属引起的利什曼病是中美洲和南美洲的一种地方性寄生虫病。针对利什曼原虫属的化疗药物（五价锑化合物、喷他脒和两性霉素B）是有毒且昂贵的产品。基于玻利维亚民间医学，我们试图寻找新的活性成分。从番荔枝科、小檗科、莲叶桐科和防己科植物中提取的14种异喹啉生物碱，尤其是双苄基异喹啉生物碱，对这种原生动物显示出高效活性。其中，轮环藤酚碱、蝙蝠葛碱和欧巴贝碱似乎特别值得关注。通过对杜氏利什曼原虫、巴西利什曼原虫（皮肤型和黏膜皮肤型利什曼病）、亚马逊利什曼原虫（皮肤型）和杜氏利什曼原虫（内脏利什曼病）这三种利什曼原虫体外培养形式进行生物学测定，研究了其治疗效果。
