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2002-2017 年俄克拉荷马州意外药物过量死亡:阿片类药物和冰毒趋势。

Accidental Overdose Deaths in Oklahoma, 2002-2017: Opioid and Methamphetamine Trends.

机构信息

Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences 1111 W. 17th Street Tulsa, OK 74107.

Office of the Chief Medical Examiner-Pathology Department 1115 W. 17th Street Tulsa, OK 74107.

出版信息

J Anal Toxicol. 2020 Oct 12;44(7):672-678. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkaa068.

Abstract

To evaluate trends related to accidental overdose deaths in Oklahoma, with a focus on opioids and methamphetamine. All accidental drug overdose deaths in the state of Oklahoma from 2002 to 2017 were reviewed. Opioids were grouped into the following categories: all opioids, prescription opioids, synthetic opioids and heroin. Age-adjusted death rates for methamphetamine and each opioid category were calculated and analyzed. Accidental overdoses accounted for 9,936 deaths during the study period. Of these, opioids were seen in 62.9%, with prescription opioids comprising 53.8%, synthetic opioids 10.3% and heroin 2.8%. Synthetic opioids, despite a recent upward nationwide trend, showed a slight overall decrease (-6.8%) from 2009 to 2017. In contrast, methamphetamine showed a 402.2% increase from 2009 to 2017 and an overall increase of 1,526.7%. Methamphetamine was involved in the most overdoses (1,963), followed by oxycodone (1,724). Opioid-related deaths were most common among white individuals (90.3%) and showed a slight male predilection (56.9%). With the intent of assessing the opioid epidemic as it relates to accidental overdoses in Oklahoma, this study suggests that opioid-related overdoses have slowed in recent years amidst a sharp increase in methamphetamine deaths.

摘要

为了评估俄克拉荷马州与意外药物过量死亡相关的趋势,重点关注阿片类药物和冰毒。审查了俄克拉荷马州 2002 年至 2017 年所有的意外药物过量死亡案例。将阿片类药物分为以下几类:所有阿片类药物、处方阿片类药物、合成阿片类药物和海洛因。计算并分析了冰毒和每种阿片类药物类别的年龄调整死亡率。在研究期间,意外药物过量导致 9936 人死亡。其中,阿片类药物占 62.9%,处方阿片类药物占 53.8%,合成阿片类药物占 10.3%,海洛因占 2.8%。尽管全国范围内最近有上升趋势,但合成阿片类药物在 2009 年至 2017 年期间总体略有下降(-6.8%)。相比之下,冰毒在 2009 年至 2017 年期间增加了 402.2%,总体增加了 1526.7%。冰毒涉及的过量死亡最多(1963 例),其次是羟考酮(1724 例)。与阿片类药物相关的死亡主要发生在白人(90.3%)中,且男性略占优势(56.9%)。为了评估与俄克拉荷马州意外药物过量有关的阿片类药物流行情况,本研究表明,近年来,与阿片类药物相关的过量死亡人数有所减少,而冰毒死亡人数却急剧增加。

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