• 文献检索
  • 文档翻译
  • 深度研究
  • 学术资讯
  • Suppr Zotero 插件Zotero 插件
  • 邀请有礼
  • 套餐&价格
  • 历史记录
应用&插件
Suppr Zotero 插件Zotero 插件浏览器插件Mac 客户端Windows 客户端微信小程序
定价
高级版会员购买积分包购买API积分包
服务
文献检索文档翻译深度研究API 文档MCP 服务
关于我们
关于 Suppr公司介绍联系我们用户协议隐私条款
关注我们

Suppr 超能文献

核心技术专利：CN118964589B侵权必究
粤ICP备2023148730 号-1Suppr @ 2026

文献检索

告别复杂PubMed语法，用中文像聊天一样搜索，搜遍4000万医学文献。AI智能推荐，让科研检索更轻松。

立即免费搜索

文件翻译

保留排版，准确专业，支持PDF/Word/PPT等文件格式，支持 12+语言互译。

免费翻译文档

深度研究

AI帮你快速写综述，25分钟生成高质量综述，智能提取关键信息，辅助科研写作。

立即免费体验

印度销售的包装无烟烟草的细菌污染情况。

Bacterial contamination of packaged smokeless tobacco sold in India.

作者信息

Mehra Rashmi, Mohanty Vikrant, Balappanavar Aswini Y, Kapoor Shivam

机构信息

Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.

出版信息

Tob Prev Cessat. 2020 Feb 10;6:11. doi: 10.18332/tpc/115064. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.18332/tpc/115064
PMID:32548348
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7291906/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION

About 21.4% of India's population uses smokeless tobacco products (SLT), yet limited data are available on their microbial contamination. To understand the potential microbiological risks associated with SLT use, the present study aims to investigate bacterial contamination of tobacco and the types of microbes that could be cultured from SLT products.

METHODS

Twenty-two brands of SLT products, including paan masala, khaini, gutka and tobacco-containing dentifrices were examined and cultured by using appropriate selective and differential media including MacConkey agar and CLED agar. This was followed by a sequence of further identification by biochemical tests.

RESULTS

All 22 types of SLT products showed growth of aerobic bacteria. The most common bacteria isolated were followed by . Other bacteria that were isolated from products, in traces, included ., and

CONCLUSIONS

This study raises and addresses the issue of bacterial contamination of packaged SLT products. SLT users might be subjected to a significant health hazard, especially those who are immunocompromised.

摘要

引言

印度约21.4%的人口使用无烟烟草制品（SLT），但关于其微生物污染的数据有限。为了解与使用SLT相关的潜在微生物风险，本研究旨在调查烟草的细菌污染情况以及可从SLT产品中培养出的微生物类型。

方法

对22个品牌的SLT产品进行了检测和培养，这些产品包括槟榔叶、嚼烟、古特卡和含烟草的牙膏，使用了包括麦康凯琼脂和CLED琼脂在内的适当选择性和鉴别性培养基。随后通过生化试验进行了一系列进一步鉴定。

结果

所有22种SLT产品均显示需氧菌生长。分离出的最常见细菌依次为…… 从产品中微量分离出的其他细菌包括……、……和……

结论

本研究提出并解决了包装SLT产品的细菌污染问题。SLT使用者可能面临重大健康危害，尤其是免疫功能低下者。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8bf3/7291906/f35b0855a501/TPC-6-11-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8bf3/7291906/9f63b9fec319/TPC-6-11-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8bf3/7291906/f5af1c55413b/TPC-6-11-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8bf3/7291906/f35b0855a501/TPC-6-11-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8bf3/7291906/9f63b9fec319/TPC-6-11-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8bf3/7291906/f5af1c55413b/TPC-6-11-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8bf3/7291906/f35b0855a501/TPC-6-11-g003.jpg

相似文献

1
Bacterial contamination of packaged smokeless tobacco sold in India.印度销售的包装无烟烟草的细菌污染情况。
Tob Prev Cessat. 2020 Feb 10;6:11. doi: 10.18332/tpc/115064. eCollection 2020.
2
Beyond Gutka: Evidence of Illegal Smokeless Tobacco in Rural and Semi-urban Areas in India.超越 Gutka：印度农村和半城市地区非法无烟气烟草的证据。
Nicotine Tob Res. 2022 Apr 28;24(6):929-932. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntab251.
3
Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Use in Pakistan: Insight from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey Pakistan (GATS Pakistan-2014).巴基斯坦无烟烟草使用情况：来自《全球成人烟草调查：巴基斯坦（2014年）》的洞察
J Pak Med Assoc. 2018 May;68(Suppl 2)(5):S7-S12.
4
Comparison of tobacco-specific nitrosamine levels in smokeless tobacco products: High levels in products from Bangladesh.比较不同无烟烟草制品中的烟草特有亚硝胺含量：孟加拉国产品中亚硝胺含量较高。
PLoS One. 2020 May 26;15(5):e0233111. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233111. eCollection 2020.
5
Examining the Transitions Between Cigarette and Smokeless Tobacco Product Use in the United States Using the 2002-2003 and 2010-2011 Longitudinal Cohorts.利用 2002-2003 年和 2010-2011 年的纵向队列研究考察美国香烟和无烟烟草制品使用之间的转变。
Nicotine Tob Res. 2018 Sep 25;20(11):1412-1416. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntx251.
6
An examination of the effectiveness of health warning labels on smokeless tobacco products in four states in India: findings from the TCP India cohort survey.印度四个邦无烟烟草制品健康警示标签的有效性考察：来自印度烟草控制项目队列调查的结果
BMC Public Health. 2016 Dec 13;16(1):1246. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3899-7.
7
Patterns of Periodontal Destruction among Smokeless Tobacco Users in a Central Indian Population.印度中部人群中无烟烟草使用者的牙周破坏模式
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Jun 17;9(6):744. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9060744.
8
Smokeless tobacco products harbor diverse bacterial microbiota that differ across products and brands.无烟烟草制品含有多样的细菌微生物群，这些微生物群因产品和品牌而异。
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Jul;101(13):5391-5403. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8282-9. Epub 2017 Apr 22.
9
Smokeless tobacco use in Nepal.尼泊尔的无烟烟草使用情况。
Indian J Cancer. 2012 Oct-Dec;49(4):352-6. doi: 10.4103/0019-509X.107728.
10
All in the name of flavour, fragrance & freshness: commonly used smokeless tobacco preparations in & around a tertiary hospital in India.为了调味、芬芳和新鲜：印度一家三级医院内外常用的无烟烟草制剂。
Indian J Med Res. 2012 Nov;136(5):836-41.

引用本文的文献

1
Bacteriome of Moist Smokeless Tobacco Products Consumed in India With Emphasis on the Predictive Functional Potential.印度消费的湿无烟烟草制品的细菌群落，重点在于预测功能潜力。
Front Microbiol. 2021 Dec 24;12:784841. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.784841. eCollection 2021.
2
The ultra-structural, metabolomic and metagenomic characterisation of the sudanese smokeless tobacco 'Toombak'.苏丹无烟烟草“图姆巴克”的超微结构、代谢组学和宏基因组学特征分析
Toxicol Rep. 2021 Aug 5;8:1498-1512. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.07.008. eCollection 2021.
3
Microbiology of the American Smokeless Tobacco.

本文引用的文献

1
Microbiological Safety and Stability of Chewing Tobacco.嚼烟的微生物安全性与稳定性
J Food Prot. 1982 Apr;45(5):462-465. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X-45.5.462.
2
Smokeless tobacco products harbor diverse bacterial microbiota that differ across products and brands.无烟烟草制品含有多样的细菌微生物群，这些微生物群因产品和品牌而异。
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Jul;101(13):5391-5403. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8282-9. Epub 2017 Apr 22.
3
Bacterial Populations Associated with Smokeless Tobacco Products.与无烟烟草制品相关的细菌种群
美国无烟气烟草的微生物学。
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Jun;105(12):4843-4853. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11382-z. Epub 2021 Jun 10.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2016 Sep 30;82(20):6273-6283. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01612-16. Print 2016 Oct 15.
4
Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Selected Smokeless Tobacco Products Using 16S rDNA Analysis.使用16S rDNA分析对选定无烟烟草制品中的细菌群落进行表征。
PLoS One. 2016 Jan 19;11(1):e0146939. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146939. eCollection 2016.
5
Decreased tobacco-specific nitrosamines by microbial treatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DA9 during the air-curing process of burley tobacco.在白肋烟晾制过程中，利用解淀粉芽孢杆菌 DA9 进行微生物处理，降低烟草特有亚硝胺。
J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Dec 31;62(52):12701-6. doi: 10.1021/jf504084z. Epub 2014 Dec 16.
6
Terminal reduction reactions of nitrate and sulfate assimilation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2): identification of genes encoding nitrite and sulfite reductases.链霉菌 A3(2) 中硝酸盐和硫酸盐同化的末端还原反应：鉴定编码亚硝酸盐和亚硫酸盐还原酶的基因。
Res Microbiol. 2012 Jun;163(5):340-8. doi: 10.1016/j.resmic.2012.05.004. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
7
Increased pouch sizes and resulting changes in the amounts of nicotine and tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines in single pouches of Camel Snus and Marlboro Snus.单支骆驼鼻烟和万宝路鼻烟烟袋中烟袋尺寸的增加和由此导致的尼古丁及烟草特有 N-亚硝胺含量的变化。
Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Oct;14(10):1241-5. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr292. Epub 2012 Jan 17.
8
New and traditional smokeless tobacco: comparison of toxicant and carcinogen levels.新型与传统无烟烟草：毒物及致癌物水平比较
Nicotine Tob Res. 2008 Dec;10(12):1773-82. doi: 10.1080/14622200802443544.
9
Smokeless tobacco and cancer.无烟烟草与癌症。
Lancet Oncol. 2008 Jul;9(7):667-75. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70173-6.
10
A study of the relationship between environmental contamination with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and patients' acquisition of MRSA.一项关于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）环境污染与患者获得MRSA之间关系的研究。
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2006 Feb;27(2):127-32. doi: 10.1086/500622. Epub 2006 Feb 8.