Behrouzi Ava, Mazaheri Hoora, Falsafi Sarvenaz, Tavassol Zahra Hoseini, Moshiri Arfa, Siadat Seyed Davar
Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2020 May 1;19(1):597-604. doi: 10.1007/s40200-020-00511-6. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Several investigations have been conducted during the past years to examine the correlation between dysbiosis and both intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (EcN) is a nonpathogenic gram-negative strain utilized in numerous gastrointestinal issues, consisting of diarrhea, uncomplicated diverticular malady, IBD and specifically UC. Many investigations have been done to examine the capability of assertive bacteria, inclusive of commensal and probiotic strains to enhance IBD in clinical testing. Bacterial secreted factors have been investigated to detect the EcN agents that facilitate the regulation of tight junction. These agents candiffuse smoothly through the mucin layer before reaching intestinal epithelial cells. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are known as intercellular communicasomes as they facilitate the distal transfer of active compounds between cells. A few investigations have detailed immune-modulatory attributes for EcN through various systems that could be liable for its clinical viability in IBD. Today, the function of gut microbiota extracellular vesicles in health and disease has become a focus of attention as they serve as vehicles for the transmission of microorganisms to distal tissues of many bacterial effectors.
在过去几年中，已经开展了多项调查，以研究肠道菌群失调与肠道及肠道外疾病（如炎症性肠病（IBD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC））之间的相关性。大肠杆菌Nissle 1917（EcN）是一种非致病性革兰氏阴性菌株，用于治疗多种胃肠道问题，包括腹泻、单纯性憩室病、IBD，尤其是UC。已经进行了许多研究，以检测包括共生菌和益生菌菌株在内的特定细菌在临床试验中改善IBD的能力。人们对细菌分泌因子进行了研究，以检测有助于紧密连接调节的EcN因子。这些因子在到达肠道上皮细胞之前能够顺利地穿过粘蛋白层。外膜囊泡（OMV）被称为细胞间通讯体，因为它们有助于活性化合物在细胞间的远距离传递。一些研究通过各种系统详细阐述了EcN的免疫调节特性，这些系统可能与其在IBD中的临床活性有关。如今，肠道微生物群细胞外囊泡在健康和疾病中的作用已成为关注焦点，因为它们充当了许多细菌效应物向远端组织传递微生物的载体。
