Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Consultant Service, Paphos, Cyprus.
Climacteric. 2020 Oct;23(5):447-459. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2020.1767568. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is indicated for menopausal symptom relief. However, MHT has also been shown to be beneficial for prevention of long-term estrogen deficiency sequelae including mortality. Based on a comprehensive literature review on MHT and mortality, the authors' recommendations are as follows: in postmenopausal women, MHT appears to confer a (significant) reduction in overall mortality; the benefit especially applies to women who initiate long-term MHT early after menopause; in women with prevalent cardiovascular risk factors (except for diabetes mellitus, where results are mixed), the benefit of MHT on overall mortality is even more pronounced; and, however, study results are difficult to compare due to heterogeneous study designs.
绝经激素治疗（MHT）适用于缓解绝经症状。然而，MHT 也已被证明对预防长期雌激素缺乏的后果（包括死亡率）有益。基于对 MHT 和死亡率的全面文献回顾，作者的建议如下：在绝经后妇女中，MHT 似乎可降低（显著）总体死亡率；该益处尤其适用于绝经后早期开始长期 MHT 的女性；在有心血管危险因素（除了糖尿病，其结果不一）的女性中，MHT 对总体死亡率的益处更为显著；然而，由于研究设计存在异质性，研究结果难以进行比较。
