Department of Economics, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
Department Sociology and Rural Development, University of AJ&K, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Oct;27(29):36282-36294. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09596-1. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
Wind energy continues to make inroads in Africa due to falling costs and technological advancements. Most African countries are planning, exsiccating and connecting their renewable energy projects with national grid system with giving high propriety to energy security, sustainable energy consumption and low carbon emission. Many policies have been enacted by countries to promote the scaling up of wind energy and renewable energy in particular, across the globe. However, these policies have mixed effects on the deployment of wind energy. For this purpose, current study used panel data and fixed effects model for 17 African countries with wind installed generation capacity to determine the driver of wind energy development on the African continent between 2008 and 2017. The variables were grouped into three thematic areas: policy, socioeconomic, and country-specific factors. After conducting the analysis, socioeconomic variables (GDP, CO, energy use) and energy security variables (energy import, electricity consumption) have significant effects in determining the scaling up of wind energy in Africa. However, the policy variables of FITs, licensing during, and Tax did not have significant effects on wind energy capacity addition for the case of Africa. This study adds to the drivers of nascent wind energy deployment literature in Africa. This study suggests that set of effecitive policies are deem necessary to scale up wind energy in Africa.
由于成本下降和技术进步，风能在非洲的应用继续取得进展。大多数非洲国家正在规划、开发和将可再生能源项目与国家电网系统连接起来，高度重视能源安全、可持续能源消费和低碳排放。为了在全球范围内促进风能和可再生能源的发展，许多国家都制定了相关政策。然而，这些政策对风能的部署产生了复杂的影响。为此，本研究使用面板数据和固定效应模型，针对 2008 年至 2017 年间拥有已安装风力发电量的 17 个非洲国家，确定了非洲大陆风能发展的驱动因素。这些变量被分为三个主题领域：政策、社会经济和国家特定因素。在进行分析后，社会经济变量（GDP、CO、能源使用）和能源安全变量（能源进口、电力消耗）对确定非洲风能的扩展具有显著影响。然而，对于非洲情况，上网电价、许可期间和税收等政策变量对风力发电容量的增加没有显著影响。本研究为非洲新兴风能部署文献增加了驱动因素。本研究表明，需要制定一整套有效的政策来扩大非洲的风能。
