Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Molecules. 2020 Jun 16;25(12):2781. doi: 10.3390/molecules25122781.
The essential oil of basil () has significant biological activity against insect pests and can be extracted through various techniques. This work aimed to optimize and validate the extraction process of the essential oil of submitted to different drying temperatures of the leaves and extracted by the combination of a Clevenger method and ultrasound. The biological activity of the extracted oil under different conditions was evaluated for potential control of . The extraction method was optimized according to the sonication time by ultrasound (0, 8, 19, 31 and 38 min) and hydrodistillation (20, 30, 45, 60 and 70 min) and drying temperature (20, 30, 45, 60 and 70 °C). The bioactivity of the essential oil was assessed against adults of and the effects of each variable and its interactions on the mortality of the insects were evaluated. The best yield of essential oil was obtained with the longest sonication and hydrodistillation times and the lowest drying temperature of leaves. Higher toxicity of the essential oil against was obtained by the use of ultrasound for its extraction. The identification and the relative percentage of the compounds of the essential oil were performed with a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass selective detector. The performance of the method was assessed by studying selectivity, linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), precision and accuracy. The LOD and LOQ values for linalool were 2.19 and 6.62 µg mL and for estragole 2.001 and 6.063 µg mL, respectively. The coefficients of determination () were >0.99. The average recoveries ranged between 71 and 106%, with coefficient of variation ≤6.4%.
罗勒（ ）精油对害虫具有显著的生物活性，可通过多种技术提取。本工作旨在优化和验证不同干燥温度下罗勒叶的精油提取工艺，采用水蒸气蒸馏法和超声法相结合。根据不同条件下提取油的生物活性，评价其对 的潜在防治效果。通过超声（0、8、19、31 和 38 min）和水蒸馏（20、30、45、60 和 70 min）时间和干燥温度（20、30、45、60 和 70°C）对提取方法进行优化。评估精油对 的成虫的生物活性，并评估每个变量及其相互作用对昆虫死亡率的影响。获得的精油产量最高，超声时间和水蒸馏时间最长，叶片干燥温度最低。通过使用超声提取精油，对 的毒性更高。通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪对精油进行鉴定和相对化合物百分比分析。通过研究选择性、线性、检测限（LOD）和定量限（LOQ）、精密度和准确度来评估方法的性能。芳樟醇的 LOD 和 LOQ 值分别为 2.19 和 6.62 µg mL，而莪术烯的 LOD 和 LOQ 值分别为 2.001 和 6.063 µg mL。决定系数（ ）均大于 0.99。平均回收率在 71%至 106%之间，变异系数≤6.4%。
