Luo Min, Guo Lixia, Yu Mingzhou, Jiang Wenying, Wang Haiyan
Department of Anesthesiology, The 965(th) Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army of China, Jilin, 132011 China.
Department of Psychology, 96605 Army Hospital, Jilin, 134001 China.
Psychiatry Res. 2020 Sep;291:113190. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113190. Epub 2020 Jun 7.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused enormous psychological impact worldwide. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the psychological and mental impact of COVID-19 among healthcare workers, the general population, and patients with higher COVID-19 risk published between 1 Nov 2019 to 25 May 2020. We conducted literature research using Embase, PubMed, Google scholar and WHO COVID-19 databases. Among the initial search of 9207 studies, 62 studies with 162,639 participants from 17 countries were included in the review. The pooled prevalence of anxiety and depression was 33% (95% confidence interval: 28%-38%) and 28% (23%-32%), respectively. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was the highest among patients with pre-existing conditions and COVID-19 infection (56% [39%-73%] and 55% [48%-62%]), and it was similar between healthcare workers and the general public. Studies from China, Italy, Turkey, Spain and Iran reported higher-than-pooled prevalence among healthcare workers and the general public. Common risk factors included being women, being nurses, having lower socioeconomic status, having high risks of contracting COVID-19, and social isolation. Protective factors included having sufficient medical resources, up-to-date and accurate information, and taking precautionary measures. In conclusion, psychological interventions targeting high-risk populations with heavy psychological distress are in urgent need.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行在全球范围内造成了巨大的心理影响。我们对2019年11月1日至2020年5月25日期间发表的关于COVID-19对医护人员、普通人群以及COVID-19高风险患者的心理和精神影响的研究进行了系统综述和荟萃分析。我们使用Embase、PubMed、谷歌学术和世界卫生组织COVID-19数据库进行文献研究。在最初检索的9207项研究中，该综述纳入了来自17个国家的62项研究，共162,639名参与者。焦虑和抑郁的合并患病率分别为33%（95%置信区间：28%-38%）和28%（23%-32%）。焦虑和抑郁的患病率在已有疾病和感染COVID-19的患者中最高（分别为56%[39%-73%]和55%[48%-62%]），医护人员和普通公众中的患病率相似。来自中国、意大利、土耳其、西班牙和伊朗的研究报告称，医护人员和普通公众中的患病率高于合并患病率。常见的风险因素包括女性、护士、社会经济地位较低、感染COVID-19的风险较高以及社会隔离。保护因素包括拥有充足的医疗资源、最新且准确的信息以及采取预防措施。总之，迫切需要针对心理困扰严重的高风险人群进行心理干预。
