Public Health Microbiology Research Team, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P. O. Box: 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, P. O. Box: 1176, Ethiopia.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Sep;129:110409. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110409. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
Cancer is a fatal malignancy with high clinical significance and remains one of the major causes of illness and death. It has no suitable cure existing till now. The safety and stability of the standard chemotherapeutics drugs and synthetic agents used to manage cancer are doubtful. These agents are affecting the quality of life or contributing for development of drug resistance and are not affordable to the majority of the patients. Therefore, scientists are looking into clinical management of the cancer with high efficiency. This review focuses on the role of probiotics as alternative prevention and treatment of cancer. In this regard, we discuss the alternative cancer biotherapeutic drugs including live or dead probiotics and their metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids, inhibitory compounds of protein, polysaccharide, nucleic acid and ferrichrome in in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. We also discuss the effectiveness of these biotherapeutics in prevention and treatment of various types of cancer linked with probiotic bacterial or fungal strains, probiotic dose, and time of exposure. More in vivo mainly clinical trials are necessary to further reveal and approve the significant role of live and dead probiotics as well as their metabolic products in cancer prevention and treatment. Finally, the majority of the positive results provided by probiotic treatments are limited to experimental settings. To minimize side effects associated with probiotics, short and long term effect studies in the direction of methodology standardization are required.
癌症是一种致命的恶性肿瘤，具有重要的临床意义，是导致疾病和死亡的主要原因之一。目前尚无合适的治疗方法。用于治疗癌症的标准化疗药物和合成药物的安全性和稳定性值得怀疑。这些药物会影响生活质量，或导致耐药性的产生，且大多数患者无法负担这些药物。因此，科学家正在寻找治疗癌症的高效临床方法。本综述重点探讨了益生菌作为癌症替代预防和治疗的作用。在这方面，我们讨论了替代癌症生物治疗药物，包括活的或死的益生菌及其代谢物，如短链脂肪酸、蛋白质抑制剂、多糖、核酸和铁载体，在体外、体内和临床研究中的作用。我们还讨论了这些生物治疗药物在预防和治疗与益生菌细菌或真菌菌株、益生菌剂量和暴露时间相关的各种类型癌症中的有效性。需要更多的体内（主要是临床试验）来进一步揭示和证实活的和死的益生菌及其代谢产物在癌症预防和治疗中的重要作用。最后，益生菌治疗的大多数阳性结果仅限于实验环境。为了最大限度地减少与益生菌相关的副作用，需要进行短期和长期的效果研究，以规范方法。
