Iseselo Masunga K, Ambikile Joel Seme
Department of Clinical Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health & Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Psychiatry J. 2020 Jun 6;2020:3607414. doi: 10.1155/2020/3607414. eCollection 2020.
Promoting mental health and care in the community setting leads to the recovery of patients with mental illness. Although recovery in mental health is a complex phenomenon, caregivers and community members have important roles to play in the recovery process for patients with mental illness. Little is documented on how recovery is promoted in the community setting. This study explored the experience of patients, caregivers, and community members on how recovery can be realized in a patient with severe mental illness in Dar es Salaam.
We conducted four focus group discussions (FGDs): two with caregivers and the other two with community members. Also, six in-depth interviews were held with patients with mental illness. Participants were purposively selected based on the type of information needed. Both FGD and in-depth interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze data. . Four themes emerged from this study, which include promoting patients' participation in household activities, improving patients' support system, promoting patients' self-care management, and providing safety and protection among patients with mental illness. However, financial, psychological, and establishing care and support centers and professional supports emerged as subthemes from patients' support system.
Caregivers and community members are significant stakeholders for promoting recovery for people with mental illness. The current study reveals that patients' involvement in home activities, promoting self-care management, improving patients' support systems, and providing safety and protection are important factors that promote recovery for people with mental illness. Advocating mental health awareness for caregivers and community members will bridge the gap to enhance the recovery for people with mental illness. Further research is needed in this area to explore the health care providers' perspectives on the recovery process of mental illness in the hospital setting.
在社区环境中促进心理健康和护理有助于精神疾病患者康复。尽管心理健康的康复是一个复杂的现象，但护理人员和社区成员在精神疾病患者的康复过程中发挥着重要作用。关于如何在社区环境中促进康复的文献记载很少。本研究探讨了患者、护理人员和社区成员对于在达累斯萨拉姆如何使重度精神疾病患者实现康复的经验。
我们进行了四次焦点小组讨论（FGD）：两次与护理人员进行，另外两次与社区成员进行。此外，还对精神疾病患者进行了六次深入访谈。根据所需信息类型有目的地选择参与者。FGD和深入访谈均进行数字录音和转录。采用定性内容分析法分析数据。本研究得出了四个主题，包括促进患者参与家庭活动、改善患者支持系统、促进患者自我护理管理以及为精神疾病患者提供安全与保护。然而，经济、心理以及建立护理与支持中心和专业支持是患者支持系统中出现的子主题。
护理人员和社区成员是促进精神疾病患者康复的重要利益相关者。当前研究表明，患者参与家庭活动、促进自我护理管理、改善患者支持系统以及提供安全与保护是促进精神疾病患者康复的重要因素。提高护理人员和社区成员的心理健康意识将缩小差距，以加强精神疾病患者的康复。该领域需要进一步研究，以探讨医疗保健提供者对医院环境中精神疾病康复过程的看法。
