Centro di Riferimento per le Scienze Comportamentali e la Salute Mentale, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2020 Apr-Jun;56(2):193-205. doi: 10.4415/ANN_20_02_09.
The huge increase of people with mental and intellectual disability worldwide, and the advocacy capacity achieved by these patients, which culminated in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), came along the shifts in the way governments deliver public services. In particular, in the last decades, many countries examined how to provide a person with disabilities an acceptable social functioning, improve wellbeing, according to the principles of equity, solidarity and participation. A new political and social-health model was born, called "welfare community", users are protagonists of their health project and the resources put in place assume an investment character on the community and its economic development. Personalisation of social and health services is also considered in many countries as a "new mode of care", although in different forms depending on financial aspect and recipients. The present article is a narrative review that examines and summarize international research and non-research material to survey the different implementation strategies of personalisation in different countries, with a special focus on Italy, in attempting to provide conceptual clarity about this topic in terms of opportunities and pitfalls.
全球精神和智力残疾人士数量的大幅增加，以及这些患者所取得的倡导能力，最终促成了《残疾人权利公约》（CRPD）的诞生，这与政府提供公共服务的方式转变有关。特别是在过去几十年中，许多国家都在研究如何为残疾人提供可接受的社会功能，根据公平、团结和参与的原则提高他们的幸福感。一种新的政治和社会健康模式应运而生，称为“福利社区”，使用者是他们健康项目的主角，所投入的资源具有社区和经济发展的投资性质。个性化的社会和卫生服务在许多国家也被视为一种“新的护理模式”，尽管在不同的国家，其形式因财务状况和受益对象而异。本文是一篇叙述性综述，旨在审查和总结国际研究和非研究材料，以调查不同国家个性化实施策略的差异，特别关注意大利，试图在机会和陷阱方面就这一主题提供概念上的清晰性。
