From the Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences.
Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Promedica Toledo Hospital, Toledo, OH.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2021 Nov 1;37(11):578-582. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000002165.
Consumption of energy drinks in the pediatric population is correlated with more emergency department visits and causes adverse reactions, such as neurological, psychiatric, gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular effects. These cardiovascular complications include increased cardiometabolic risk with high intake of sugar, short-term blood pressure increases and a decrease in cerebral blood flow due to the caffeine content, increased or decreased blood pressure from taurine, unmasked cardiac conditions, such as channelopathies, and atrial and ventral fibrillations. Cardiovascular complications can also arise when energy drinks are mixed with pharmaceutical drugs, such as amiodarone, potent CYP1A2 inhibitors, warfarin, digoxin, or corticosteroids. Combining energy drinks with alcohol also precipitates adverse cardiovascular events, posing a risk to the health of children and adolescents. This review further explores the ingredients in energy drinks and their mechanism of action in causing these cardiovascular complications.
儿童人群饮用能量饮料与更多的急诊就诊次数相关，并会引起不良反应，如神经、精神、胃肠道、肾脏和心血管效应。这些心血管并发症包括因高糖摄入而增加的心脏代谢风险、短期血压升高以及因咖啡因含量而导致的脑血流减少、牛磺酸引起的血压升高或降低、隐匿性心脏疾病（如通道病）和心房颤动和室性颤动。能量饮料与药物（如胺碘酮、强效 CYP1A2 抑制剂、华法林、地高辛或皮质类固醇）混合使用也会引发心血管并发症。将能量饮料与酒精混合也会引发不良的心血管事件，对儿童和青少年的健康构成威胁。本综述进一步探讨了能量饮料中的成分及其引起这些心血管并发症的作用机制。
