Sturm Hannah, Basalely Abby, Singer Pamela, Castellanos Laura, Frank Rachel, Sethna Christine B
Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Uniondale, NY, USA.
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA.
Pediatr Res. 2024 Aug 26. doi: 10.1038/s41390-024-03511-x.
In adults, caffeine has protective effects against kidney dysfunction and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but increases the risk of acute blood pressure (BP) elevation and dyslipidemia. These relationships are unclear in adolescents. This study aimed to determine the association between caffeine intake and markers of childhood cardiometabolic risk, hypothesizing that higher caffeine intake would be associated with elevated BP and dyslipidemia but improved kidney function and insulin sensitivity.
Adolescents ages 13-17 who participated in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018 and completed 24-h dietary recalls were included. Logistic and linear regression models were used to analyze cross-sectional associations between caffeine and cardiometabolic risk factors.
The mean participant age was 15.0 years, with a sex distribution of 49.9% male and 50.1% female. In fully adjusted regression models, higher caffeine intake was not associated with any changes in BP (OR = 0.78, 95%CI [0.52,1.16], p = 0.21), dyslipidemia (OR = 0.91, 95%CI [0.65,1.27], p = 0.57), glomerular hyperfiltration (OR = 1.01, 95%CI [0.60,1.71], p = 0.96), albuminuria (OR = 0.94, 95%CI [0.45,1.98], p = 0.87), or insulin resistance (OR = 1.15, 95%CI [0.85,1.56], p = 0.36).
Contrary to its cardiometabolic effects in adults, caffeine intake was not associated with an increased or reduced risk of kidney dysfunction, T2DM, hypertension, or dyslipidemia in adolescents.
Although the effects of caffeine intake on cardiometabolic risk have been well defined in adults, data exploring its impact on adolescent cardiovascular and metabolic function is limited. The goal of this study was to understand the relationship between caffeine intake and markers of childhood cardiometabolic risk. Unlike its established effects in adults, caffeine consumption showed no association with markers of cardiometabolic disease, such as kidney dysfunction, type 2 diabetes mellitus, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, or hyperuricemia in adolescents. These findings offer novel insight into the effects of caffeine on cardiometabolic function in adolescents, which may guide clinical recommendations for at-risk patients.
在成年人中，咖啡因对肾功能不全和2型糖尿病（T2DM）具有保护作用，但会增加急性血压（BP）升高和血脂异常的风险。这些关系在青少年中尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定咖啡因摄入量与儿童心脏代谢风险标志物之间的关联，假设较高的咖啡因摄入量与血压升高和血脂异常相关，但肾功能和胰岛素敏感性会得到改善。
纳入2011年至2018年参加美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）并完成24小时饮食回顾的13 - 17岁青少年。采用逻辑回归和线性回归模型分析咖啡因与心脏代谢危险因素之间的横断面关联。
参与者的平均年龄为15.0岁，性别分布为男性49.9%，女性50.1%。在完全调整的回归模型中，较高的咖啡因摄入量与血压（OR = 0.78，95%CI [0.52,1.16]，p = 0.21）、血脂异常（OR = 0.91，95%CI [0.65,1.27]，p = 0.57）、肾小球高滤过（OR = 1.01，95%CI [0.60,1.71]，p = 0.96）、蛋白尿（OR = 0.94，95%CI [0.45,1.98]，p = 0.87）或胰岛素抵抗（OR = 1.15，95%CI [0.85,1.56]，p = 0.36）的任何变化均无关联。
与咖啡因在成年人中的心脏代谢作用相反，青少年咖啡因摄入量与肾功能不全、T2DM、高血压或血脂异常风险的增加或降低均无关联。
尽管咖啡因摄入量对心脏代谢风险的影响在成年人中已有明确界定，但探索其对青少年心血管和代谢功能影响的数据有限。本研究的目的是了解咖啡因摄入量与儿童心脏代谢风险标志物之间的关系。与在成年人中已确定的作用不同，青少年咖啡因消费与心脏代谢疾病标志物，如肾功能不全、2型糖尿病、血压、血脂异常或高尿酸血症无关。这些发现为咖啡因对青少年心脏代谢功能的影响提供了新的见解，可能会指导针对高危患者的临床建议。
