Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2020 Jul;16(7):667-677. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2020.1782745. Epub 2020 Jul 8.
Alpha-gal Syndrome (AGS) is a unique allergy to non-primate mammalian meat (and derived-products) that is associated with tick bites and is due to a specific IgE antibody to the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). AGS has many novel features that broaden the paradigm of food allergy, including that reactions are delayed 3-6 hours after exposure and patients have frequently tolerated red meat for many years prior to the development of allergic reactions. Due to the ubiquitous inclusion of mammal-derived materials in foods, medications, personal products and stabilizing compounds, full avoidance is difficult to achieve.
This review describes the author's experience with diagnosis, management, and design of appropriate avoidance for patients with AGS and provides clinicians with practical advice for care of these patients.
The number of patients with AGS is rising and may have exceeded awareness of the diagnosis amongst healthcare providers. In summarizing experience gained to thus far, we hope to create a resource for identifying and managing this unique allergic syndrome.
α-半乳糖综合征（AGS）是一种对非灵长类哺乳动物肉类（及其制品）的独特过敏，与蜱叮咬有关，是由于针对寡糖半乳糖-α-1,3-半乳糖（α-半乳糖）的特异性 IgE 抗体引起的。AGS 具有许多新颖的特征，拓宽了食物过敏的范例，包括反应在暴露后 3-6 小时延迟发生，并且患者在发生过敏反应之前通常已经耐受了多年的红肉。由于哺乳动物衍生材料在食品、药物、个人产品和稳定化合物中无处不在，因此完全避免接触是困难的。
本综述描述了作者在 AGS 患者的诊断、管理和适当回避设计方面的经验，并为临床医生提供了照顾这些患者的实用建议。
AGS 患者的数量正在增加，并且可能已经超过了医疗保健提供者对该诊断的认识。在总结迄今为止获得的经验的基础上，我们希望为识别和管理这种独特的过敏综合征创建一个资源。
