Department of Logistics, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Econometrics and Operational Research, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wrocław, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 21;17(12):4455. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124455.
The issue of employing people with disabilities is crucial from both a social and economic perspective, and is often influenced by the social perception of this group of people. In this article, we attempted to examine attitudes towards the disabled in eight European countries by using one of the most popular tools that measures the perception of such people in everyday life-the Attitudes to Disability Scale (ADS) developed by the WHOQOL Group. We checked the general attitude towards disability according to the ADS scale and the specific perception of disability in the workplace using a scale created ad hoc. The research was conducted in 2019 using the CAWI (computer-assisted web interview) method on representative samples of Internet users, whereas the analysis methods included the measurement reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). The obtained results allow for the acceptance of the measurement model of the ADS scale in the societies of the analyzed countries. No significant differences were found between models created for people with a disability experience (a group from the WHOQOL Group research) and without such experience. The measurement using the original ADS scale factor structure is of good reliability, whereas CFA is of good fit. We also examined the impact of ADS scale factors on the perception of people with disabilities in the workplace using the SEM model, and obtained good fit of the model. The results show that the dimensions of perception, such as inclusion, discrimination and prospects, affect the evaluation of people with disabilities in the workplace.
从社会和经济的角度来看，雇用残疾人是一个至关重要的问题，而这往往受到社会对这一群体的看法的影响。在本文中，我们试图通过使用世界卫生组织生活质量小组开发的最受欢迎的衡量日常生活中对残疾人看法的工具之一——残疾态度量表（ADS），来研究八个欧洲国家对残疾人的态度。我们根据 ADS 量表检查了对残疾的一般态度，以及使用专门创建的量表在工作场所对残疾的具体看法。该研究于 2019 年使用计算机辅助网络访谈（CAWI）方法在互联网用户的代表性样本中进行，分析方法包括测量可靠性分析、验证性因素分析（CFA）和结构方程建模（SEM）。所得结果允许在分析国家的社会中接受 ADS 量表的测量模型。在具有残疾经验（世界卫生组织生活质量小组研究的一个群体）和没有残疾经验的模型之间没有发现显著差异。使用原始 ADS 量表因子结构进行的测量具有良好的可靠性，而 CFA 具有良好的拟合度。我们还使用 SEM 模型检验了 ADS 量表因子对工作场所中对残疾人看法的影响，并且获得了模型的良好拟合。结果表明，感知维度，如包容、歧视和前景，影响了对工作场所中残疾人的评价。
