College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China.
College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University in Yunnan, Kunming, China.
J Econ Entomol. 2020 Oct 16;113(5):2141-2149. doi: 10.1093/jee/toaa140.
The fruit flies Bactrocera tau (Walker) and B. cucurbitae (Coquillett) are economically important invasive pests on numerous vegetable and fruit species in China. Due to the instability of the early spring climate, temperatures often deviate far below the normal temperature for short periods of time. Such a sudden short-term low temperature may impact the reproduction and development of the two fruit fly species. In this study, the effects of low temperatures (8, 6, 4, 2, 0, -2, and -4°С) on the development and reproduction of these two closely related fruit fly species were studied under laboratory condition. The results showed that their survival rates decreased gradually with corresponding decreases in the tested temperatures. On the other hand, their pre-oviposition periods and their adult female to male sex ratios increased, while the average number of eggs per female of each species and longevity of male adult of B. cucurbitae initially increased and later decreased after exposure to the low-temperature treatments. Overall, low temperatures promoted reproduction in B. cucurbitae and B. tau at temperatures ranging from 24°С to as low as 8°С. Development and reproduction of the two species were negatively affected when temperatures were between 8 to -4°С. The cold resistance of each developmental stage was higher in B. tau than in corresponding stages of B. cucurbitae.
实蝇属的果实蝇 Bactrocera tau（Walker）和 B. cucurbitae（Coquillett）是中国多种蔬菜和水果上具有重要经济意义的入侵害虫。由于早春气候的不稳定性，温度经常在短时间内远低于正常温度。这种突然的短期低温可能会影响这两种实蝇物种的繁殖和发育。在这项研究中，研究了低温（8、6、4、2、0、-2 和-4°C）对这两种密切相关的实蝇物种在实验室条件下的发育和繁殖的影响。结果表明，它们的存活率随着测试温度的相应降低而逐渐降低。另一方面，它们的预产卵期和雌成虫与雄成虫的性别比例增加，而每个物种的平均产卵数和 B. cucurbitae 雄成虫的寿命在暴露于低温处理后最初增加，然后减少。总的来说，低温在 24°C 至 8°C 的范围内促进了 B. cucurbitae 和 B. tau 的繁殖。当温度在 8 到-4°C 之间时，两种物种的发育和繁殖都会受到负面影响。每个发育阶段的耐寒性在 B. tau 中均高于 B. cucurbitae 中相应阶段的耐寒性。
