Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa, Canada; Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; University of Ottawa, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa, Canada.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2020 Dec;56:59-68. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.06.005. Epub 2020 Jun 13.
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are immunotherapeutics capable of directly killing cancer cells and with potent immunostimulatory properties. OVs exert their antitumor effect, at least partially, by activating the antitumor immune response, of which NK cells are an important component. However, if on the one hand increasing evidence revealed that NK cells are important mediators of oncolytic virotherapy, on the other hand, NK cells have evolved to fight viral infections, and therefore they can have a detrimental effect for the efficacy of OVs. In this review, we will discuss the dichotomy between the antitumor and antiviral functions of NK cells related to oncolytic virotherapy. We will also review NK cell-based and OV-based therapies, engineered OVs aimed at enhancing immune stimulation, and combination therapies involving OVs and NK cells currently used in cancer immunotherapy.
溶瘤病毒（OVs）是一种能够直接杀死癌细胞且具有强大免疫刺激特性的免疫疗法。OV 通过激活抗肿瘤免疫反应发挥其抗肿瘤作用，其中 NK 细胞是一个重要组成部分。然而，一方面越来越多的证据表明 NK 细胞是溶瘤病毒治疗的重要介质，另一方面，NK 细胞已经进化为对抗病毒感染，因此它们可能对 OV 的疗效产生不利影响。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论与溶瘤病毒治疗相关的 NK 细胞抗肿瘤和抗病毒功能之间的二分法。我们还将回顾基于 NK 细胞和 OV 的疗法、旨在增强免疫刺激的工程化 OV 以及目前用于癌症免疫治疗的 OV 和 NK 细胞联合疗法。
