Jun-Hui Guo, Ali Afzal, Sadia Ahmad, Ghazala Saeed, Amna Rehman, Umair Ali Khan Saddozai, Lei Liu, Shi-Hao Guo, Xin-Ying Ji, Muhammad Babar Khawar
Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 May 29;16:1550652. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1550652. eCollection 2025.
While immunotherapy faces obstacles, the emergence of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered natural killer (NK) cells is paving new ways and might become a preferred option over CAR T cells very soon. CAR NK introduce diverse cytotoxic mechanisms offering novel strategies to combat tumor immunotherapy resistance. Concurrently, improvements in NK cell homing and gene-edited CAR NK cell therapy offer promising avenues for overcoming challenges in cancer immunotherapy. Our review addresses resistance mechanisms and engineering strategies to enhance CAR NK cell functionality by improving NK cell homing and migration to tumor sites, emphasizing insights from preclinical and clinical studies.
虽然免疫疗法面临诸多障碍，但嵌合抗原受体（CAR）工程化自然杀伤（NK）细胞的出现正在开辟新途径，并且可能很快成为比CAR T细胞更优的选择。CAR NK细胞引入了多种细胞毒性机制，为对抗肿瘤免疫治疗耐药性提供了新策略。同时，NK细胞归巢的改善以及基因编辑的CAR NK细胞疗法为克服癌症免疫治疗中的挑战提供了有前景的途径。我们的综述探讨了通过改善NK细胞向肿瘤部位的归巢和迁移来增强CAR NK细胞功能的耐药机制和工程策略，重点介绍了临床前和临床研究的见解。
