The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Science. 2020 Jun 26;368(6498):1495-1499. doi: 10.1126/science.aaz8599.
Although sled dogs are one of the most specialized groups of dogs, their origin and evolution has received much less attention than many other dog groups. We applied a genomic approach to investigate their spatiotemporal emergence by sequencing the genomes of 10 modern Greenland sled dogs, an ~9500-year-old Siberian dog associated with archaeological evidence for sled technology, and an ~33,000-year-old Siberian wolf. We found noteworthy genetic similarity between the ancient dog and modern sled dogs. We detected gene flow from Pleistocene Siberian wolves, but not modern American wolves, to present-day sled dogs. The results indicate that the major ancestry of modern sled dogs traces back to Siberia, where sled dog-specific haplotypes of genes that potentially relate to Arctic adaptation were established by 9500 years ago.
尽管雪橇犬是最具专业化的犬类群体之一，但它们的起源和进化却远不如其他许多犬类群体受到关注。我们采用基因组方法，通过对 10 只现代格陵兰雪橇犬、一只与考古学证据表明与雪橇技术有关的约 9500 年前的西伯利亚犬，以及一只约 33000 年前的西伯利亚狼进行基因组测序，研究了它们在时空上的出现。我们发现古代犬只与现代雪橇犬之间存在显著的遗传相似性。我们检测到来自更新世西伯利亚狼的基因流，但没有来自现代美洲狼的基因流，这表明现代雪橇犬的主要祖先可以追溯到西伯利亚，在那里，雪橇犬特有的与北极适应相关的基因单倍型在 9500 年前就已经建立。
