Cerami Chiara, Santi Gaia C, Galandra Caterina, Dodich Alessandra, Cappa Stefano F, Vecchi Tomaso, Crespi Chiara
Center for Neurocognition, Epistemology and Theoretical Syntax (NETS), Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Jun 10;11:556. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00556. eCollection 2020.
The Covid-19 pandemic is burning all over the world. National healthcare systems are facing the contagion with incredible strength, but concern regarding the psychosocial and economic effects is growing quickly. The PsyCovid Study assessed the influence of psychosocial variables on individual differences from the perceived impact of the Covid-19 outbreak on the issues of health and economy in the Italian population. Italian volunteers from different regions completed an online anonymous survey. The main outcomes were the perceived impact of the Covid-19 outbreak on health and the economy. A two-way MANOVA evaluated differences in the main outcomes, with geographical area (northern, central, and southern regions) and professional status (healthcare workers or not) as factors. We then tested the relationship linking psychosocial variables (i.e. perceived distress and social isolation, empathy, and coping style) to the main outcomes through two different mediation models. 1163 responders completed the survey (835 females; mean age: 42 ± 13.5 y.o.; age range: 18-81 y.o.) between March 14 and 21, 2020. Healthcare workers and people living in northern Italy reported a significantly worse outbreak impact on health, but not on the economy. In the whole sample, distress and loneliness were key variables influencing the perceived impact of the Covid-19 outbreak on health, while empathy and coping style affected the perceived impact on the economy. The Covid-19 pandemic is a worldwide emergency in terms of psychological, social, and economic consequences. Our data suggests that in the Italian population, actual differences in individual perception of the Covid-19 outbreak severity for health are dramatically modulated by psychosocial frailty (i.e., distress and loneliness). At the same time, problem-oriented coping strategies and enhanced empathic abilities increase people's awareness of the severity of the impact of the Covid-19 emergency on economics. There is an immediate need for consensus guidelines and healthcare policies to support interventions aimed to manage psychosocial distress and increase population resilience towards the imminent crisis.
新冠疫情正在全球肆虐。各国医疗体系正以惊人的力量应对这场传染病，但对其社会心理和经济影响的担忧也在迅速加剧。“心理新冠”研究评估了社会心理变量对意大利人群中，个体在新冠疫情对健康和经济问题的感知影响方面差异的作用。来自意大利不同地区的志愿者完成了一项在线匿名调查。主要结果是新冠疫情对健康和经济的感知影响。采用双向多变量方差分析评估主要结果的差异，将地理区域（北部、中部和南部地区）和职业状况（是否为医护人员）作为因素。然后，我们通过两种不同的中介模型，测试了社会心理变量（即感知痛苦和社会隔离、同理心和应对方式）与主要结果之间的关系。在2020年3月14日至21日期间，1163名受访者完成了调查（835名女性；平均年龄：42±13.5岁；年龄范围：18 - 81岁）。医护人员和居住在意大利北部的人报告称，疫情对健康的影响明显更严重，但对经济的影响并非如此。在整个样本中，痛苦和孤独是影响新冠疫情对健康感知影响的关键变量，而同理心和应对方式则影响对经济的感知影响。就心理、社会和经济后果而言，新冠疫情是一场全球紧急情况。我们的数据表明，在意大利人群中，个体对新冠疫情健康严重程度的实际差异，受到社会心理脆弱性（即痛苦和孤独）的显著调节。同时，以问题为导向的应对策略和增强的同理心能力，提高了人们对新冠疫情紧急情况对经济影响严重性的认识。迫切需要达成共识性指导方针和医疗政策，以支持旨在管理社会心理痛苦并增强民众对即将到来危机的恢复力的干预措施。
