National Great Rivers Research and Education Center, East Alton, Illinois, 62024, USA.
Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, Alabama, 36528, USA.
Ecology. 2020 Oct;101(10):e03114. doi: 10.1002/ecy.3114. Epub 2020 Jul 23.
The speed and maneuverability of organisms are central to their fitness, determining the strength and outcome of many species interactions that drive population and community-level processes. While locomotion is influenced by many internal and external factors, body size and temperature are two key factors governing organismal locomotion. Biologists have been measuring locomotor performance, particularly maximum speed, for over a century. Studies have tended to focus on single species or groups of species that are either phylogenetically related, functionally similar, or use the same habitat. Few studies compare locomotor performance across a diverse range of taxa or locomotor modes, very few have incorporated locomotor traits other than maximum speed, and the data are not accessible in a single database with standardized units. Here, we present a data set we compiled from the literature that contains 2,951 measurements of locomotor performance for five traits (exploratory speed, maximum speed, maximum acceleration, minimum powered turn radius, and maximum angular speed) that are important in the daily lives of many organisms. This represents the most diverse and comprehensive database on animal locomotion yet published and includes 884 species spanning 23 orders of magnitude of body size. Together with body size (mass and length) and temperature (body and ambient), we also provide data on trophic group and habitat (aerial, terrestrial, aquatic). In publishing our data set, we hope to encourage others to contribute to a continued effort to build this locomotion database and to analyze these data for underlying patterns. Interspecific analyses can help elucidate how organismal locomotion varies with important morphological and physiological traits and environmental conditions, revealing generalities and deviations in organismal locomotion. Additionally, intraspecific analyses, which are possible for a number of species in our data set, can help corroborate these patterns and deviations and explore potential mechanisms that could underlie these patterns. Insights from these analyses should uncover drivers of locomotor performance and contribute to an understanding about how locomotion shapes ecological processes across scales. There are no copyright or proprietary restrictions, except this data paper should be cited when data are used for publication. In addition, we would appreciate hearing for which research projects or teaching exercises these data are used.
生物体的速度和机动性是其适应性的核心，决定了许多种间相互作用的强度和结果，这些相互作用推动了种群和群落水平的过程。虽然运动受到许多内部和外部因素的影响，但体型和温度是控制生物体运动的两个关键因素。生物学家测量运动表现已有一个多世纪的历史，特别是最大速度。研究往往集中在单一物种或在系统发育上相关、功能上相似或使用相同栖息地的物种群体上。很少有研究比较跨多种分类群或运动模式的运动表现，很少有研究除最大速度之外还包含其他运动特征，并且数据也没有在具有标准化单位的单一数据库中可用。在这里，我们展示了一个从文献中汇编的数据集，其中包含 2951 个运动表现测量值，这些测量值涉及五个特征（探索速度、最大速度、最大加速度、最小动力转弯半径和最大角速度），这些特征在许多生物体的日常生活中都很重要。这是迄今为止发表的关于动物运动最具多样性和综合性的数据库，包含跨越 23 个体长范围的 884 个物种。我们还提供了与体型（质量和长度）和温度（体温和环境温度）一起的营养组和栖息地（空中、陆地、水生）的数据。通过发布我们的数据，我们希望鼓励其他人继续努力构建这个运动数据库，并对这些数据进行分析以揭示潜在的模式。种间分析可以帮助阐明生物体的运动如何随重要的形态和生理特征以及环境条件而变化，揭示生物体运动的普遍性和偏差。此外，对于我们数据集中的一些物种，可以进行种内分析，以帮助证实这些模式和偏差，并探索可能导致这些模式的潜在机制。这些分析的见解应该揭示运动表现的驱动因素，并有助于了解运动如何在不同尺度上塑造生态过程。这些数据没有版权或专有限制，但在使用数据发表时应引用本数据论文。此外，我们将很乐意听到这些数据用于哪些研究项目或教学练习。
