中国无锡睡眠呼吸障碍儿童的特征及危险因素
Characteristics and risk factors of children with sleep-disordered breathing in Wuxi, China.
作者信息
Guo Yun, Pan Zhenzhen, Gao Fei, Wang Qian, Pan Shanshan, Xu Shiyao, Hui Yu, Li Ling, Qian Jun
机构信息
Department of Pediatric Respiratory, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.299-1 at Qingyang Road, Liangxi District, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.299 at Qingyang Road, Liangxi District, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2020 Jun 26;20(1):310. doi: 10.1186/s12887-020-02207-5.
BACKGROUND
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common syndrome in children, related to their immune responses, cardiovascular function, and neurocognitive function. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SDB among children in Wuxi, China, and to evaluate the protective and risk factors of SDB in children.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted on children attending different schools across Wuxi, China, aged 3-14 years old. Of a total of 5630 questionnaires distributed to the parents of the children, 3997 (71.0%) were deemed to be valid. The data on the general sociodemographic factors, children's allergy and sleep characteristics, and the parents' sleep characteristics were also collected. The Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) score was used to identify children at high risk of SDB. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression.
RESULTS
The prevalence of SDB in this cohort was 13.4% (N = 534). SDB prevalence significantly differed in children with asthma (28.2% vs. 12.8%, P < 0.001), eczema (19.0% vs. 10.0%, P < 0.001), urticaria (16.4% vs. 12.9%, P < 0.01) and rhinitis (21.4% vs. 10.7%, P < 0.001). No significant differences were found in SDB prevalence with respect to pillow material or quilt material. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, asthma (OR 1.986 (95% CI 1.312-3.007), P < 0.01), eczema (OR 1.675 (95% CI 1.377-2.037), P < 0.001), rhinitis (OR 1.998 (95% CI 1.635-2.441), suffered from familial sleep sickness (OR 2.416 (95% CI 1.975-2.955), P < 0.001) and whose mothers slept for a shorter duration (6 h-8 h: OR 1.370 (95% CI 1.089-1.724), P < 0.01; <6 h: OR 3.385(95% CI 2.098-5.461), P < 0.001) increased the odds of having SDB. The incidence of SDB significantly decreased with children's age (6-11 years old: 0R 0.768 (95% CI 0.597-0.989), P < 0.05; 12-14 years old: OR 0.691 (95% CI 0.530-0.901), P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study demonstrated that atopic diseases (asthma, eczema, and rhinitis) and family sleep habits were risk factors for SDB in children in Wuxi, China.
背景
睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）是儿童常见综合征，与免疫反应、心血管功能及神经认知功能相关。本研究旨在确定中国无锡儿童中SDB的患病率，并评估儿童SDB的保护因素和风险因素。
方法
对中国无锡不同学校3至14岁的儿童进行横断面研究。共向儿童家长发放5630份问卷，其中3997份（71.0%）被视为有效。还收集了一般社会人口学因素、儿童过敏和睡眠特征以及家长睡眠特征的数据。采用儿童睡眠问卷（PSQ）评分来识别SDB高危儿童。通过逻辑回归计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
结果
该队列中SDB的患病率为13.4%（N = 534）。哮喘患儿（28.2%对12.8%，P < 0.001）、湿疹患儿（19.0%对10.0%，P < 0.001）、荨麻疹患儿（16.4%对12.9%，P < 0.01）和鼻炎患儿（21.4%对10.7%，P < 0.001）的SDB患病率有显著差异。在SDB患病率方面，枕头材料或被子材料未发现显著差异。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，哮喘（OR 1.986（95%CI 1.312 - 3.007），P < 0.01）、湿疹（OR 1.675（95%CI 1.377 - 2.037），P < 0.001）、鼻炎（OR 1.998（95%CI 1.635 - 2.441））、患有家族性睡眠疾病（OR 2.416（95%CI 1.975 - 2.955），P < 0.001）以及母亲睡眠时间较短（6小时 - 8小时：OR 1.370（95%CI 1.089 - 1.724），P < 0.01；<6小时：OR 3.385（95%CI 2.098 - 5.461），P < 0.001）会增加患SDB的几率。SDB的发病率随儿童年龄显著降低（6至11岁：OR 0.768（95%CI 0.597 - 0.989），P < 0.05；12至14岁：OR 0.691（95%CI 0.530 - 0.901），P < 0.01）。
结论
本研究结果表明，过敏性疾病（哮喘、湿疹和鼻炎）以及家庭睡眠习惯是中国无锡儿童SDB的风险因素。
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