Aquaculture and Fisheries Department, Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2020 Nov;237:108832. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108832. Epub 2020 Jun 24.
Over the past decade, the usages of carbon nanotubes in various industries have been increased. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are special form of carbon nanotubes which are used as nano-absorbents for various purposes of different industries due to their high surface to volume ratio. In aquatic environments these active nano-agents can easily absorb and accumulate in animal cells and tissues due to their tiny sizes and induce toxicity effects on bio-organisms mainly via pro-oxidants production. The present study assayed MWCNTs toxicity effects on anti-oxidative enzymes activities, serum hormonal and biochemical stress biomarkers, hematology parameters, histopathology and growth performance of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. Experiment was conducted in five treatments including 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/l MWCNTs in triplicate and each of the experimental tanks consisted of a 400-l recirculating system, stocked with, 20 fish (12 ± 2 g) for 28 days. The results indicated that by increasing the concentrations of the MWCNTs weight gain, specific growth rate and survival rate parameters were decreased. The findings showed that cortisol secretion, blood glucose level and anti-oxidative enzymes activities were increased with the increase of MWCNTs concentrations in the treatments. Histopathology results depicted that 15 and 20 mg/l MWCNTs caused hyperplasia, telangiectasia, apoptosis, and necrosis damages in gills and also, apoptosis, sinusoidal spaces, fibrosis, hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis in the liver of C. carpio. Despite these findings, further researches on effects of nanomaterials on aquatic organisms and ecosystems are essential to protect these environments against the newly found nanomaterials hazards.
在过去的十年中，碳纳米管在各个行业的应用有所增加。多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）是碳纳米管的特殊形式，由于其高的比表面积与体积比，被用作不同行业各种目的的纳米吸附剂。在水生环境中，由于这些活性纳米颗粒的微小尺寸，它们很容易被动物细胞和组织吸收和积累，并通过产生促氧化剂对生物机体产生毒性作用。本研究检测了 MWCNTs 对鲤鱼抗氧化酶活性、血清激素和生化应激生物标志物、血液学参数、组织病理学和生长性能的毒性作用。实验在五个处理组中进行，包括 0（对照）、5、10、15、20 mg/l 的 MWCNTs，每个实验组有三个重复，每个实验组由一个 400 升的循环系统组成，饲养 20 条鱼（12±2g），为期 28 天。结果表明，随着 MWCNTs 浓度的增加，体重增加、特定生长率和存活率等参数下降。研究结果表明，随着处理中 MWCNTs 浓度的增加，皮质醇分泌、血糖水平和抗氧化酶活性增加。组织病理学结果表明，15 和 20 mg/l 的 MWCNTs 导致鲤鱼鳃的增生、血管扩张、细胞凋亡和坏死，以及肝脏的细胞凋亡、窦隙空间、纤维化、肝细胞变性和坏死。尽管有这些发现，但仍需要对纳米材料对水生生物和生态系统的影响进行进一步研究，以保护这些环境免受新发现的纳米材料危害。
