Havaei Farinaz, Astivia Oscar Lorenzo Olvera, MacPhee Maura
School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver V6T 2B5, British Columbia, Canada.
College of Education, University of Washington. Miller Hall, 2012 Skagit Ln, Seattle, WA 98105, United States.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2020 Sep;109:103666. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103666. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
Workplace violence is a prevalent phenomenon in healthcare and nurses are particularly at risk from workplace violence due to the nature of their work or inadequacies within their work environments. Although workplace violence is known to have serious negative implications for nurses, patients and the larger healthcare system, the mechanism through which it functions is less clear.
The purpose of this study is to examine whether work environment conditions moderate the mediating effect that burnout has on the relationship between workplace violence and three health outcomes.
A secondary analysis of cross-sectional correlational survey data was conducted.
The study took place in British Columbia, Canada.
537 medical-surgical nurses were included in the study.
Survey data were analyzed using moderated mediation regressions with the PROCESS macro on SPSS.
Burnout mediated the relationship between workplace violence and health outcomes including musculoskeletal injuries, anxiety disorders and sleep disturbances. Work environment conditions moderated the direct relationship between workplace violence and burnout; and the indirect relationship between workplace violence and the three health outcomes. In healthier work environments, workplace violence was more strongly related to increased reports of burnout, musculoskeletal injuries, anxiety disorders and sleep disturbances compared to less healthy work environments.
Nurses in healthier work environments may not expect workplace violence, and they may be at more burnout risk than nurses in less healthy environments who have normalized unsafe work conditions. Violence may be the new 'reality shock' for nurses.
工作场所暴力是医疗保健领域的普遍现象，由于工作性质或工作环境的不足，护士尤其容易遭受工作场所暴力。尽管已知工作场所暴力会对护士、患者和更大的医疗系统产生严重的负面影响，但其作用机制尚不清楚。
本研究旨在探讨工作环境条件是否会调节职业倦怠对工作场所暴力与三种健康结果之间关系的中介作用。
对横断面相关调查数据进行二次分析。
该研究在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省进行。
537名内科-外科护士纳入研究。
使用SPSS上的PROCESS宏通过调节中介回归分析调查数据。
职业倦怠在工作场所暴力与健康结果（包括肌肉骨骼损伤、焦虑症和睡眠障碍）之间起中介作用。工作环境条件调节了工作场所暴力与职业倦怠之间的直接关系；以及工作场所暴力与三种健康结果之间的间接关系。与不太健康的工作环境相比，在更健康的工作环境中，工作场所暴力与职业倦怠、肌肉骨骼损伤、焦虑症和睡眠障碍报告增加的相关性更强。
处于更健康工作环境中的护士可能不会预期工作场所暴力，与那些已将不安全工作条件常态化的不太健康环境中的护士相比，他们可能面临更高的职业倦怠风险。暴力可能是护士新的“现实冲击”。
