Wang Jingyi, Liu Mao, Zheng Hongling, Xiang Mingfang
Department of intensive care unit, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Department of breast surgery ward 1, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, Chengdu, China.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 Mar 18;25(1):399. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12446-w.
Workplace violence (WPV) in intensive care units (ICUs) is a prevalent issue that affects staff well-being and patient care. Although individual studies have explored various facets of WPV, there is a need for a comprehensive synthesis to provide a cohesive understanding of the phenomenon and inform effective interventions. This study aimed to understand its impact on the mental health and work status of ICU staff, identify the coping strategies used by ICU staff to manage WPV and explore the support required by healthcare professionals when facing WPV.
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Medline, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from the date of inception until June 5, 2024. Only qualitative studies or the qualitative part of mixed methods studies were included in the analysis, with no restrictions on the type of ICU or type or source of violence. This study assessed the risk of bias in the included studies and synthesized the results according to the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (2024).
Six studies were included. These studies, which were published between 2018 and 2023, were conducted in four countries and involved 91 participants. Six analytical themes and 17 subthemes emerged from the qualitative data. The themes were as follows: Prevalence of ICUs Violence, ICU healthcare perceptions of WPV, The Ripple Effect of WPV in ICU, Practical Strategies for ICU Staff Dealing with WPV, What they need when facing WPV, and Reasons for Not Reporting WPV.
The synthesized findings highlight the pervasive nature of WPV in ICUs and its profound impact on staff members. This review underscores the need for systematic interventions, including comprehensive training, accessible psychological support, and robust reporting mechanisms, to mitigate the effects of WPV.
This study was funded by the Wu Jieping Medical Foundation(320.6750.18526),China. The review protocol was prospectively registered in the Prospective Register of PROSPERO (CRD42024559076).
The research findings can provide important evidence for hospital managers and policymakers, helping them develop more effective workplace management policies to enhance the safety and well-being of ICU staff.
重症监护病房（ICU）中的工作场所暴力（WPV）是一个普遍存在的问题，影响着工作人员的身心健康和患者护理。尽管个别研究探讨了WPV的各个方面，但仍需要进行全面的综合分析，以便对这一现象有连贯的理解，并为有效的干预措施提供依据。本研究旨在了解其对ICU工作人员心理健康和工作状态的影响，确定ICU工作人员应对WPV所采用的应对策略，并探讨医护人员面对WPV时所需的支持。
从数据库建立至2024年6月5日，在PubMed、Scopus、Medline、PsycINFO和Web of Science中进行了系统的文献检索。分析仅纳入定性研究或混合方法研究中的定性部分，对ICU类型、暴力类型或来源不做限制。本研究评估了纳入研究的偏倚风险，并根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（2024年）的指南对结果进行了综合分析。
纳入六项研究。这些研究于2018年至2023年间发表，在四个国家开展，涉及91名参与者。定性数据产生了六个分析主题和17个子主题。主题如下：ICU暴力的发生率、ICU医护人员对WPV的认知、WPV在ICU中的连锁反应、ICU工作人员应对WPV的实用策略、面对WPV时他们的需求以及未报告WPV的原因。
综合研究结果凸显了WPV在ICU中的普遍性及其对工作人员的深远影响。本综述强调需要采取系统的干预措施，包括全面培训、可获得的心理支持和健全的报告机制，以减轻WPV的影响。
本研究由中国吴阶平医学基金会（320.6750.18526）资助。该综述方案已在PROSPERO前瞻性注册库（CRD42024559076）中进行了前瞻性注册。
研究结果可为医院管理人员和政策制定者提供重要证据，帮助他们制定更有效的工作场所管理政策，以提高ICU工作人员的安全性和幸福感。
