Department of Socio-sanitary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decisions, School of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 31;18(17):9183. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179183.
Workplace violence is a growing social problem among many professions, but it particularly affects the health sector. Studies have mainly focused on evaluating user violence toward health professionals, with less attention being paid to other sources of conflict, such as co-workers themselves. There are different manifestations of this violence in what has been called a context of tolerated or normalized violence among co-workers. However, its effects are far from being tolerable, as they have an impact on general health and job satisfaction and contribute to burnout among professionals. Based on this idea, and following the line of the previous literature, nursing staff are a population at high risk of exposure to workplace violence. For this reason, the present study aims to evaluate exposure to lateral violence or violence among co-workers in nursing staff in public health services and the relationship of this exposure with some of the most studied consequences. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional associative study was carried out in which scales of workplace violence (HABS-CS), burnout (MBI-GS), job satisfaction (OJS), and general health (GHQ-28) were applied to a sample of 950 nursing staff from 13 public hospitals located in the southeast of Spain. (3) Results: The results show that nursing staff have a high exposure to violence from their co-workers, which is more common in male nurses. Greater exposure is observed in professionals with between 6 and 10 years of experience in the profession, and it is not characteristic of our sample to receive greater violence when they have less experience or are younger. A positive correlation is observed with high levels of burnout and a negative correlation with general health and job satisfaction. (4) Conclusions: The results of this work contribute to increasing the scientific evidence of the consequences of a type of workplace violence frequent among nursing staff and to which less attention has been paid in relative terms to other types of prevalent violence. Organizations should be aware of the importance of this type of workplace violence, its frequency and impact, and implement appropriate prevention policies that include the promotion of a culture that does not reward violence or minimize reporting. A change of mentality in the academic environment is also recommended in order to promote a more adequate training of nursing staff in this field.
工作场所暴力是许多职业中日益严重的社会问题，但它特别影响到卫生部门。研究主要集中在评估用户对卫生专业人员的暴力行为，而对其他冲突来源，如同事本身，关注较少。在被称为同事之间容忍或正常化暴力的背景下，这种暴力有不同的表现形式。然而，其影响远不能被容忍，因为它们会对一般健康和工作满意度产生影响，并导致专业人员倦怠。基于这一想法，并遵循先前文献的思路，护理人员是处于工作场所暴力高风险中的人群。出于这个原因，本研究旨在评估公共卫生服务中护理人员遭受横向暴力或同事间暴力的情况，并研究这种暴露与一些研究最多的后果之间的关系。(2)方法：进行了一项横断面关联研究，对来自西班牙东南部 13 家公立医院的 950 名护理人员样本应用了工作场所暴力量表（HABS-CS）、倦怠量表（MBI-GS）、工作满意度量表（OJS）和一般健康量表（GHQ-28）。(3)结果：结果表明，护理人员遭受同事暴力的程度较高，男性护士更为常见。在职业经验 6-10 年的专业人员中，观察到更高的暴露程度，而且我们的样本并没有表现出经验较少或年龄较小的情况下受到更大的暴力。与高水平的倦怠呈正相关，与一般健康和工作满意度呈负相关。(4)结论：这项工作的结果有助于增加有关护理人员中常见的一种工作场所暴力的后果的科学证据，与其他类型的普遍暴力相比，相对而言，对这种类型的暴力关注较少。组织应意识到这种类型的工作场所暴力的重要性，其频率和影响，并实施适当的预防政策，包括促进一种不奖励暴力或最小化报告的文化。还建议在学术环境中改变心态，以促进对护理人员在这一领域进行更充分的培训。
