National Engineering Laboratory for Reducing Emissions from Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250061, China.
Jinan Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province, 17199 Lvyou Road, Jinan, 250101, China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2020 Nov;42(11):3779-3794. doi: 10.1007/s10653-020-00639-7. Epub 2020 Jun 27.
Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) for power generation can reuse waste effectively, but it generates a large amount of fly ash enriched with heavy metals. If this fly ash cannot be treated properly, it can cause ecological damage and human health risk. According to the production of ceramsites from MSWI fly ash, an evaluation methodology is established, in which the influence of heavy metal stability on the environment is considered for the first time, and the health risks of heavy metals via different exposure pathways are distinguished. The results show that heavy metals in MSWI fly ash have moderate potential environmental risks to environment and have strong non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks both to children and adults. By contrast, heavy metals in ceramsites pose little risk to environment and human health. This paper explains some reasons of heavy metal content and leaching ratio change in ceramsite and also illustrates why stability is a concern through comparing the potential risk index method and the improved evaluation method. This evaluation system can be applied to different production processes of building materials using solid hazardous waste and provides a quantitative evaluation method for reducing environment and human health risks of heavy metals.
城市生活垃圾焚烧（MSWI）发电可以有效地再利用废物，但会产生大量富含重金属的飞灰。如果这些飞灰得不到妥善处理，可能会造成生态破坏和人类健康风险。本研究通过 MSWI 飞灰制备陶瓷材料，建立了一种评价方法，首次考虑了重金属稳定性对环境的影响，并区分了重金属通过不同暴露途径的健康风险。结果表明，MSWI 飞灰中的重金属对环境具有中等潜在环境风险，对儿童和成人均具有较强的非致癌和致癌风险。相比之下，陶瓷材料中的重金属对环境和人类健康的风险较小。本文通过比较潜在风险指数法和改进后的评价方法，解释了陶瓷材料中重金属含量和浸出率变化的一些原因，并说明了稳定性为何是需要关注的问题。该评价体系可应用于使用固体危险废物生产建筑材料的不同工艺，并为降低重金属的环境和人类健康风险提供了一种定量评价方法。
