Eshete Amde, Haddis Alemayehu, Mengistie Embialle
Arsi University, College of Health Science, Public Health Department, Asella, Ethiopia.
Jimma University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 17;10(6):e28203. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28203. eCollection 2024 Mar 30.
Solid wastes are substances thrown away by the institutions of individual households in the urban community. The solid waste management practice in Asella town was inappropriate caused environmental pollution and exposed different urban health difficulties. The main objective was to determine the environmental and health impacts of solid waste management problems and associated factors in Asella town. Data collection was carried out through a house-to-house community survey process with a method of cross-sectional study design. A total sample size of 418 households was selected and implemented a simple random and systematic probability sampling technique. The statistical analysis of the binary logistic regression model was used to perform the correlational test about health issues in Asella town. The environmental impact assessment indicators were 13.4% soil pollution, 31.6% air pollution, 20.8% environmental deterioration, and 34.2% water pollution. The health impact indicators were 49.5% respiratory diseases, 18.2% asthmatic (bronchitis) cases, 15.8% diarrheal diseases, 14.8% protozoan illnesses, and 1.7% cancer cases. The odds ratio of females AOR = 1.18; 95%, CI:0.48-2.89, educational districts of can't read and write AOR = 2.31: 95% CI = 0.48-11.1, primary cycle AOR = 2.32, 95% CI:0.58-9.21, Secondary cycle AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 0.60-7.98, and tertiary cycle AOR = 4.98, 95% C1.06-23.46. the odds ratio of house ownership of government AOR = 2.95, 95% CI:0.54-16.14, private households AOR = 4.18, 95% CI:0.79-22.16 and rented house property AOR = 1.71, 95% CI:0.32-9.18. The odds ratio of income group of lower status AOR = 2.0, 95% CI:0.91-4.98, middle income AOR = 5.7, 95% CI: 0.73-44.53 and higher income AOR = 2.8, 95% CI:0.35-23.14. The odds ratio for sorting of solid waste AOR = 1.38, 95% CI:0.56-3.40, and reusing of solid waste AOR = 7.90, 95% CI:2.12-29.42. Thus, the odds ratio of reusing solid waste was statistically significant correlated factors that limit health issues in Asella town. Therefore, the inadequate solid waste management practice was a query for environmental and health impacts in Asella town. The principles of reusing, reducing, and recovering solid waste management practice must be supported by professional interventions and government policy.
固体废物是城市社区中各机构和家庭丢弃的物质。阿塞拉镇的固体废物管理做法不当，造成了环境污染，并引发了各种城市健康问题。主要目的是确定阿塞拉镇固体废物管理问题的环境和健康影响及相关因素。通过逐户社区调查过程，采用横断面研究设计方法进行数据收集。共选取了418户家庭作为样本，并采用简单随机和系统概率抽样技术。使用二元逻辑回归模型进行统计分析，以对阿塞拉镇的健康问题进行相关性检验。环境影响评估指标为：土壤污染13.4%、空气污染31.6%、环境恶化20.8%、水污染34.2%。健康影响指标为：呼吸系统疾病49.5%、哮喘（支气管炎）病例18.2%、腹泻病15.8%、原生动物疾病14.8%、癌症病例1.7%。女性的优势比AOR = 1.18；95%置信区间：0.48 - 2.89，不识字和不会写字的教育程度组AOR = 2.31：95%置信区间 = 0.48 - 11.1，小学阶段AOR = 2.32，95%置信区间：0.58 - 9.21，中学阶段AOR = 2.19，95%置信区间 = 0.60 - 7.98，高等教育阶段AOR = 4.98，95%置信区间1.06 - 23.46。政府拥有房屋的优势比AOR = 2.95，95%置信区间：0.54 - 16.14，私人家庭AOR = 4.18，95%置信区间：0.79 - 22.16，出租房屋AOR = 1.71，95%置信区间：0.32 - 9.18。低收入群体的优势比AOR = 2.0，95%置信区间：0.91 - 4.98，中等收入AOR = 5.7，95%置信区间：0.73 - 44.53，高收入AOR = 2.8，95%置信区间：0.35 - 23.14。固体废物分类的优势比AOR = 1.38，95%置信区间：0.56 - 3.40，固体废物再利用的优势比AOR = 7.90，95%置信区间：2.12 - 29.42。因此，固体废物再利用的优势比是限制阿塞拉镇健康问题的具有统计学意义的相关因素。所以，固体废物管理做法不当对阿塞拉镇的环境和健康产生了影响。固体废物管理的再利用、减少和回收原则必须得到专业干预和政府政策的支持。
