Hustad K S, Rundblad A, Ottestad I, Christensen J J, Holven K B, Ulven S M
Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1046 Blindern, 0317Oslo, Norway.
National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424Oslo, Norway.
Br J Nutr. 2021 May 14;125(9):1034-1042. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520002305. Epub 2020 Jun 29.
Fish consumption is associated with reduced risk of CVD, which may be partly mediated by alterations in plasma lipids, such as HDL-cholesterol. However, comprehensive analyses of associations between fatty fish consumption and lipoprotein subclass profile are limited and show inconsistent results. Therefore, the aim of the present exploratory study was to investigate the association between fatty fish consumption and lipoprotein subclass particle concentrations and composition, with an emphasis on HDL. We performed a comprehensive plasma metabolite profiling in 517 healthy adults, using a targeted high-throughput NMR spectroscopy platform. The participants were divided into tertiles based on consumption of fatty fish, reported through a validated FFQ. We compared the concentration of metabolites between the participants in the lowest and highest tertiles of fatty fish consumption. We show that high consumers of fatty fish (>223 g/week, median intake 294 g/week) had higher particle concentrations and content of total lipids, free cholesterol and phospholipids in large and extra-large HDL particles and higher content of total cholesterol, cholesteryl esters and TAG in large HDL particles than low consumers (<107 g/week, median intake 58 g/week). Using fatty fish consumption as a continuous variable, we found that fatty fish consumption was associated with lower levels of the inflammation marker glycoprotein acetyls. In conclusion, high consumers of fatty fish seem to have a more favourable HDL-cholesterol-related lipoprotein profile and anti-inflammatory phenotype than low consumers of fatty fish. Thus, these data support the current Norwegian dietary recommendations for fish consumption regarding CVD risk.
食用鱼类与心血管疾病（CVD）风险降低相关，这可能部分是由血浆脂质的变化介导的，如高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-胆固醇）。然而，关于食用富含脂肪的鱼类与脂蛋白亚类谱之间关联的综合分析有限，且结果不一致。因此，本探索性研究的目的是调查食用富含脂肪的鱼类与脂蛋白亚类颗粒浓度及组成之间的关联，重点是HDL。我们使用靶向高通量核磁共振波谱平台，对517名健康成年人进行了全面的血浆代谢物谱分析。通过经过验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ）报告的食用富含脂肪的鱼类情况，将参与者分为三个三分位数组。我们比较了食用富含脂肪的鱼类量最低和最高三分位数组参与者之间的代谢物浓度。我们发现，食用富含脂肪的鱼类量高的人群（>223克/周，中位摄入量294克/周）与食用量低的人群（<107克/周，中位摄入量58克/周）相比，大尺寸和超大尺寸HDL颗粒中的总脂质、游离胆固醇和磷脂的颗粒浓度及含量更高，大尺寸HDL颗粒中的总胆固醇、胆固醇酯和甘油三酯（TAG）含量更高。将食用富含脂肪的鱼类量作为连续变量，我们发现食用富含脂肪的鱼类与炎症标志物糖蛋白乙酰化水平较低有关。总之，食用富含脂肪的鱼类量高的人群似乎比食用量低的人群具有更有利的与HDL-胆固醇相关的脂蛋白谱和抗炎表型。因此，这些数据支持了挪威目前关于鱼类消费对心血管疾病风险影响的饮食建议。
