Bønaa K H, Bjerve K S, Nordøy A
Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Norway.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 Jun;55(6):1126-34. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/55.6.1126.
We examined the cross-sectional relationships between the frequency of habitual fish consumption, plasma phospholipid fatty acids, and serum lipids and lipoproteins in 152 men and women. There was a significant association between fish consumption starting from 1 dish/wk and plasma n-3, n-6, and n-9 fatty acids. Plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20: 5n-3) reflected fish consumption to a greater extent than did docosahexaenoic acid (DHA;22:6n-3). Triglycerides decreased (P less than 0.05) with fish consumption. In multivariate analysis in which anthropometric and lifestyle factors were controlled for, EPA correlated inversely with triglycerides (P less than 0.05) and positively with high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (both P less than 0.001). In contrast, DHA did not correlate with triglycerides and showed negative associations to HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (both P less than 0.001). Platelet phospholipid EPA, but not DHA, was associated with lower triglyceride and higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations (both P less than 0.05). This study suggests that long-term intake of small amounts of fish has biological effects, and that EPA and DHA have divergent relations with lipoprotein metabolism.
我们研究了152名男性和女性习惯性鱼类消费频率、血浆磷脂脂肪酸以及血清脂质和脂蛋白之间的横断面关系。每周食用1道菜的鱼类消费与血浆n-3、n-6和n-9脂肪酸之间存在显著关联。血浆二十碳五烯酸（EPA；20:5n-3）比二十二碳六烯酸（DHA；22:6n-3）更能反映鱼类消费情况。随着鱼类消费，甘油三酯水平下降（P<0.05）。在控制了人体测量和生活方式因素的多变量分析中，EPA与甘油三酯呈负相关（P<0.05），与高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇和载脂蛋白A-I呈正相关（两者P<0.001）。相比之下，DHA与甘油三酯无相关性，与HDL胆固醇和载脂蛋白A-I呈负相关（两者P<0.001）。血小板磷脂EPA而非DHA与较低的甘油三酯浓度和较高的HDL胆固醇浓度相关（两者P<0.05）。本研究表明，长期少量食用鱼类具有生物学效应，且EPA和DHA与脂蛋白代谢的关系存在差异。
