Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry.
Department of Statistics, University of Warwick. Coventry.
Br J Gen Pract. 2020 Jul 30;70(697):e534-e539. doi: 10.3399/bjgp20X710885. Print 2020 Aug.
Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is usually called 'morning sickness'. This is felt by sufferers to trivialise the condition. Symptoms have been described as occurring both before and after noon, but daily symptom patterns have not been clearly described and statistically modelled to enable the term 'morning sickness' to be accurately analysed.
To describe the daily variation in nausea and vomiting symptoms during early pregnancy in a group of sufferers.
A prospective cohort study of females recruited from 15 May 2014 to 17 February 2017 by Swiss Precision Diagnostics (SPD) Development Company Limited, which was researching hormone levels in early pregnancy and extended its study to include the description of pregnancy symptoms.
Daily symptom diaries of nausea and vomiting were kept by females who were trying to conceive. They also provided daily urine samples, which when analysed enabled the date of ovulation to be determined. Data from 256 females who conceived during the first month of the study are included in this article. Daily symptom patterns and changes in daily patterns by week of pregnancy were modelled. Functional data analysis was used to produce estimated symptom probability functions.
There was a peak probability of nausea in the morning, a lower but sustained probability of nausea throughout the day, and a slight peak in the evening. Vomiting had a defined peak incidence in the morning.
Referring to nausea and vomiting in pregnancy as simply 'morning sickness' is inaccurate, simplistic, and therefore unhelpful.
孕妇的恶心和呕吐通常被称为“晨吐”。这种说法让患者觉得这种情况微不足道。症状被描述为发生在中午之前和之后，但每日症状模式尚未得到清晰描述和统计建模，无法准确分析“晨吐”一词。
描述一群患者在早孕期间恶心和呕吐症状的每日变化。
瑞士精密诊断（SPD）发展有限公司于 2014 年 5 月 15 日至 2017 年 2 月 17 日期间对女性进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，该研究旨在研究早孕期间的激素水平，并将研究范围扩大到描述妊娠症状。
试图怀孕的女性每天记录恶心和呕吐症状日记。她们还提供了每日尿液样本，经分析后可确定排卵日期。本文纳入了在研究的第一个月内怀孕的 256 名女性的数据。对每日症状模式和妊娠周数的每日模式变化进行建模。使用功能数据分析生成估计症状概率函数。
早晨恶心的概率最高，全天持续但较低的恶心概率，傍晚略有高峰。呕吐在早晨有明确的发病高峰。
将妊娠期间的恶心和呕吐简单地称为“晨吐”是不准确、过于简单化的，因此没有帮助。
