Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
Protein Cell. 2021 May;12(5):331-345. doi: 10.1007/s13238-020-00745-3. Epub 2020 Jun 29.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global disease with accelerating incidence worldwide in the 21st century while its accurate etiology remains unclear. In the past decade, gut microbiota dysbiosis has consistently been associated with IBD. Although many IBD-associated dysbiosis have not been proven to be a cause or an effect of IBD, it is often hypothesized that at least some of alteration in microbiome is protective or causative. In this article, we selectively reviewed the hypothesis supported by both association studies in human and pathogenesis studies in biological models. Specifically, we reviewed the potential protective bacterial pathways and species against IBD, as well as the potential causative bacterial pathways and species of IBD. We also reviewed the potential roles of some members of mycobiome and virome in IBD. Lastly, we covered the current status of therapeutic approaches targeting microbiome, which is a promising strategy to alleviate and cure this inflammatory disease.
炎症性肠病（IBD）已成为一种全球性疾病，在 21 世纪，全球发病率呈上升趋势，但其确切病因仍不清楚。在过去的十年中，肠道微生物群失调一直与 IBD 相关。尽管许多与 IBD 相关的微生物失调尚未被证明是 IBD 的原因或结果，但人们通常假设至少有一些微生物组的改变是保护性的或致病的。在本文中，我们有选择地回顾了人类相关性研究和生物学模型发病机制研究支持的假说。具体来说，我们回顾了针对 IBD 的潜在保护性细菌途径和物种，以及导致 IBD 的潜在致病性细菌途径和物种。我们还回顾了一些真菌组和病毒组成员在 IBD 中的潜在作用。最后，我们介绍了针对微生物组的治疗方法的现状，这是缓解和治愈这种炎症性疾病的有希望的策略。
