School of Public Health and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2020;55(9):827-834. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2020.1787019. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
The present study was carried out with the objectives to determine the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in raw milk and identification of associated risk factors from three different types of animal farming systems. A total of 189 pooled raw milk samples were tested for AFM1 with enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) as screening and high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) as confirmatory techniques. AFM1 was found positive in 58% pooled milk samples with the mean level of 0.917 µg/L, while 50.8% and 36.5% samples were found above the legal limits set by European Commission (EC) and Food safety and standard authority of India (FSSAI), respectively for AFM1 in milk. Among all investigated risk factors, feeding of readymade concentrate feed and leftover household cereals, longer feed storage duration and feed storage quality were found significantly associated with presence of AFM1 in farm milk. High prevalence as well as levels of AFM1 in farm milk poses a health risk to the consumers especially children. Therefore, efforts are urgently required to create awareness among dairy farmers about aflatoxins contamination of feed and milk, to improve farm management practices and to control AFM1 level in milk below the legal limits.
本研究旨在从三种不同类型的动物养殖系统中确定黄曲霉毒素 M1（AFM1）在原奶中的发生情况，并确定相关的风险因素。共检测了 189 份原奶样品，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行筛选，高效液相色谱-荧光检测法（HPLC-FLD）进行确证。结果显示，58%的混合奶样中 AFM1 呈阳性，平均含量为 0.917μg/L，而 50.8%和 36.5%的样品分别超过了欧盟委员会（EC）和印度食品安全标准局（FSSAI）规定的牛奶中 AFM1 的法定限量。在所调查的所有风险因素中，喂养预混料和剩余家庭谷物、饲料储存时间延长和饲料储存质量与原奶中存在 AFM1 显著相关。原奶中 AFM1 的高流行率和水平对消费者，尤其是儿童的健康构成威胁。因此，迫切需要努力提高奶农对饲料和牛奶中黄曲霉毒素污染的认识，改善农场管理措施，并将牛奶中的 AFM1 含量控制在法定限量以下。
