Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of the Basque Country, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 26;17(12):4598. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124598.
Adolescents' addictive use of social media and the internet is an increasing concern among parents, teachers, researchers and society. The purpose was to examine the contribution of body self-esteem, personality traits, and demographic factors in the prediction of adolescents' addictive use of social media and the internet. The participants were 447 Spanish adolescents aged 13-16 years ( = 14.90, = 0.81, 56.2% women). We measured gender, age, body self-esteem (body satisfaction and physical attractiveness), personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, disinhibition and narcissism) and social networking and internet addiction (internet addiction symptoms, social media use, geek behaviour, and nomophobia). The effects of gender, age, body self-esteem and personality on the different dimensions of internet addiction were estimated, conducting hierarchical linear multiple regression analysis and a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The results evidenced different pathways explaining four types of adolescents' internet addiction: gender and disinhibition were the most relevant predictors of addiction symptoms; gender combined with physical attractiveness best explained social media use; narcissism and neuroticism appear to be the most relevant predictors of geek behaviour; and narcissism was the variable that best explained nomophobia. Furthermore, the advantages and differences between both methodologies (regressions vs. QCA) were discussed.
青少年对社交媒体和互联网的沉迷使用引起了家长、教师、研究人员和社会的广泛关注。本研究旨在探讨体像自尊、人格特质和人口统计学因素对青少年社交媒体和互联网沉迷使用的预测作用。参与者为 447 名年龄在 13-16 岁的西班牙青少年（M = 14.90，SD = 0.81，56.2%为女性）。我们测量了性别、年龄、体像自尊（身体满意度和身体吸引力）、人格特质（外向性、神经质、冲动性和自恋）以及社交网络和互联网成瘾（互联网成瘾症状、社交媒体使用、极客行为和无手机恐惧症）。通过分层线性多元回归分析和模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA），对性别、年龄、体像自尊和人格特质对不同维度的互联网成瘾的影响进行了估计。结果表明，有不同的途径可以解释四种类型的青少年互联网成瘾：性别和冲动性是成瘾症状的最主要预测因素；性别与身体吸引力相结合可以最好地解释社交媒体使用；自恋和神经质似乎是极客行为的最主要预测因素；而自恋是解释无手机恐惧症的最佳变量。此外，还讨论了两种方法（回归与 QCA）的优缺点。
