Andreassen Cecilie Schou, Pallesen Ståle, Griffiths Mark D
University of Bergen, Department of Psychosocial Science, Bergen, Norway; Bergen Clinics Foundation, Centre of Competence, Bergen, Norway.
University of Bergen, Department of Psychosocial Science, Bergen, Norway.
Addict Behav. 2017 Jan;64:287-293. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006. Epub 2016 Mar 19.
Social media has become an increasingly popular leisure activity over the last decade. Although most people's social media use is non-problematic, a small number of users appear to engage in social media excessively and/or compulsively. The main objective of this study was to examine the associations between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem. A cross-sectional convenient sample of 23,532 Norwegians (M=35.8years; range=16-88years) completed an open web-based survey including the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-16, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results demonstrated that lower age, being a woman, not being in a relationship, being a student, lower education, lower income, lower self-esteem, and narcissism were associated with higher scores on the BSMAS, explaining a total of 17.5% of the variance. Although most effect sizes were relatively modest, the findings supported the notion of addictive social media use reflecting a need to feed the ego (i.e., narcissistic personality traits) and an attempt to inhibit a negative self-evaluation (i.e., self-esteem). The results were also consistent with demographic predictions and associations taken from central theories concerning "addiction", indicating that women may tend to develop more addictive use of activities involving social interaction than men. However, the cross-sectional study design makes inferences about directionality impossible.
在过去十年中，社交媒体已成为一种越来越受欢迎的休闲活动。尽管大多数人使用社交媒体并无问题，但仍有少数用户似乎过度和/或强迫性地使用社交媒体。本研究的主要目的是探讨社交媒体成瘾性使用、自恋和自尊之间的关联。一个由23532名挪威人组成的横断面便利样本（平均年龄=35.8岁；范围=16 - 88岁）完成了一项基于网络的开放式调查，该调查包括卑尔根社交媒体成瘾量表（BSMAS）、自恋人格问卷 - 16和罗森伯格自尊量表。结果表明，年龄较小、女性、未婚、学生身份、低学历、低收入、低自尊和自恋与卑尔根社交媒体成瘾量表得分较高相关，这些因素共解释了17.5%的方差。尽管大多数效应量相对较小，但研究结果支持了这样一种观点，即成瘾性社交媒体使用反映了满足自我（即自恋人格特质）的需求以及抑制负面自我评价（即自尊）的尝试。研究结果也与来自关于“成瘾”的核心理论的人口统计学预测和关联一致，表明女性可能比男性更容易对涉及社交互动的活动产生成瘾性使用。然而，横断面研究设计使得无法推断方向性。
