Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
Food Funct. 2020 Jul 22;11(7):6352-6362. doi: 10.1039/d0fo00468e.
Codonopsis pilosula is a traditional Chinese medicine and food supplement that is widely used in China. This study aimed to investigate the antifatigue and antihypoxia activities of different extracts and fractions from C. pilosula, including ethanol extract (ETH), water extract (WAT), polysaccharides (POL), inulin (INU) and oligosaccharides (OLI). Different extracts and fractions were orally administered to mice at the doses of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g kg-1 once a day for 21 days. Antifatigue activity was assessed through the weight-loaded swimming test on the 21st day, and antihypoxia activity was evaluated through the normobarie hypoxia test on the following day. Finally, biochemical parameters, such as liver glycogen (LG), muscle glycogen (MG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels, were determined. The results showed that, compared with the control treatment, only POL treatment significantly prolonged the swimming time of the mice. POL groups had the strongest hypoxia tolerance, followed by the OLI and WAT groups. The levels of LG and MG were significantly increased by treatment with POL at the doses of 0.5 and 1.0 g kg-1, whereas BUN and LDH levels in POL groups were significantly lower than those in the control group. MDA under POL and OLI treatment was significantly lower than that under the control treatment. In addition, treatments with POL and OLI, except for treatment with a low dose of OLI, significantly increased GSH levels. In conclusion, POL could efficiently enhance antifatigue and antihypoxia abilities by increasing energy resources, decreasing detrimental metabolite accumulation, and enhancing antioxidant activity. OLI could improve antihypoxia activity by preventing lipid peroxidation and enhancing antioxidant activity.
党参是一种药食同源的中药，在中国被广泛应用。本研究旨在探讨党参的不同提取物和馏分（包括乙醇提取物（ETH）、水提取物（WAT）、多糖（POL）、菊粉（INU）和低聚糖（OLI））的抗疲劳和抗缺氧活性。不同的提取物和馏分以 0.25、0.5 和 1.0 g kg-1 的剂量每天口服一次，连续 21 天。在第 21 天通过负重游泳试验评估抗疲劳活性，次日通过常压缺氧试验评估抗缺氧活性。最后，测定了生化参数，如肝糖原（LG）、肌糖原（MG）、血尿素氮（BUN）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙二醛（MDA）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平。结果表明，与对照组相比，只有 POL 处理组显著延长了小鼠的游泳时间。POL 组具有最强的耐缺氧能力，其次是 OLI 和 WAT 组。POL 以 0.5 和 1.0 g kg-1 的剂量处理可显著增加 LG 和 MG 的水平，而 POL 组的 BUN 和 LDH 水平显著低于对照组。POL 和 OLI 处理下的 MDA 水平明显低于对照组。此外，POL 和 OLI 的处理（除了低剂量 OLI 处理外）可显著增加 GSH 水平。综上所述，POL 通过增加能量来源、减少有害代谢产物的积累和增强抗氧化活性，有效地增强了抗疲劳和抗缺氧能力。OLI 通过防止脂质过氧化和增强抗氧化活性来改善抗缺氧活性。
