Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany -
Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Oct;60(10):1363-1370. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.10886-7. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
Motor function, such as strength asymmetries of the lower extremities and impaired dynamic stability, have a predictive value for the risk of injury. The present study aimed to reveal potential associations between injury and motor performance.
Two hundred and five male youth elite (association) football (soccer) players (mean: 13.5±4.5 years, 57.2±30.2 kg, 168±35 cm) were included. A test battery was conducted twice per season, over two consecutive seasons (four times). Mobility (Sit and Reach Test, SnR), dynamic stability (Single Leg Hop for Distance, SLHD), linear sprinting speed (10 m, 30 m [s]), agility (Zig-Zag test with and without dribbling a ball [s]), jump performance (countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ), in cm) and maximal isometric voluntary force (MIVF, in N) of the knee extensors and flexors were assessed. All injuries occurring over the two-year period, as well as training and competition exposure time, were collected and used as grouping variables for statistical difference testing.
One hundred and twenty-five injuries in 93 players occurred (an injury incidence of 2.7/1000 hours of exposure). Age was associated with injury incidence (r=0.191; P=0.006). Neither DJ, CMJ, SnR nor agility performance were statistically different between injured and non-injured participants (P>0.05). Group differences did occur for sprint and strength (P=0.011; P=0.016), but these lapsed after the inclusion of age as a covariate. Only for SLHD symmetry was a non-significant trend evident after the correction for age (P=0.08).
The occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries in junior football players are, probably, not related to baseline motor function. Group differences between injured and non-injured youth elite football players are mostly explained by age. Only the symmetry in SLHD could be a potential risk factor for injuries and merits further investigation.
下肢运动功能（如力量不对称和动态稳定性受损）对受伤风险具有预测价值。本研究旨在揭示运动表现与损伤之间的潜在关联。
本研究纳入了 205 名男性青年精英（职业）足球（英式足球）运动员（平均年龄：13.5±4.5 岁，平均体重：57.2±30.2kg，平均身高：168±35cm）。在两个连续的赛季中，每个赛季进行两次测试（共四次）。测试包括：柔韧性（坐-前伸测试，SnR）、动态稳定性（单腿跳跃距离测试，SLHD）、线性冲刺速度（10 米、30 米 [s]）、敏捷性（带球和不带球的 Zig-Zag 测试 [s]）、跳跃性能（纵跳测试（CMJ）和跳下跳测试（DJ），cm）和最大等长自主收缩力（膝伸肌和屈肌的 MIVF，N）。收集并使用两年期间发生的所有损伤以及训练和比赛暴露时间作为分组变量进行统计学差异检验。
93 名运动员中有 125 人发生了 125 次损伤（受伤发生率为 2.7/1000 小时暴露）。年龄与受伤发生率相关（r=0.191；P=0.006）。受伤运动员和未受伤运动员在 DJ、CMJ、SnR 和敏捷性表现方面无统计学差异（P>0.05）。在考虑年龄作为协变量后，速度和力量表现存在组间差异（P=0.011；P=0.016），但这些差异不再显著。仅在纠正年龄后，SLHD 对称性才有非显著的趋势（P=0.08）。
青少年足球运动员的肌肉骨骼损伤发生情况可能与基线运动功能无关。受伤和未受伤的青年精英足球运动员之间的群体差异主要由年龄解释。只有 SLHD 的对称性可能是受伤的潜在危险因素，值得进一步研究。
