Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital & College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
PLoS One. 2020 Jul 1;15(7):e0235208. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235208. eCollection 2020.
To estimate the incidence rate of eye injuries (EI) requiring inpatient and outpatient treatment in Taiwan and compare the epidemiologic characteristics of EI (age, sex, treatment setting, seasonality, occupation, external cause, diagnosis, and surgery) in the years 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015.
We analyzed four random samples of 1,000,000 beneficiaries each from 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. The direct age-standardized rate, with 95% confidence interval (CI), was used to compare EI rates for the four calendar years. The chi-square test and chi-square test for trend were used to compare data for the four calendar years.
Annual EI incidence rates were between 2.57% in 2000 and 3.28% in 2015. The age-standardized rates were 2.73% (95% CI, 2.70%-2.76%) in 2000, 3.37% (95% CI, 3.33%-3.41%) in 2005, 3.31% (95% CI, 3.28%-3.35%) in 2010, and 3.02% (95% CI, 2.99%-3.06%) in 2015. Manual workers had the highest EI incidence rate, followed by non-manual workers and civil servants. The proportion of EI requiring inpatient treatment declined from 1.34% in 2000 to 0.63% in 2015 (P <0.0001). Analysis of seasonality showed a consistent decrease in February in the four sampling years; however, this decrease in EI was only seen in outpatients, not in EI requiring hospitalization. The proportion of outpatients requiring surgery significantly decreased, from 2.53% in 2000 to 1.2% in 2015 (P<0.0001). However, the proportion of inpatients requiring surgery for EI as the principal diagnosis increased from 69.32% in 2000 to 83.02% in 2015 (P = 0.29), and the proportion of inpatients requiring surgery for EI as a secondary diagnosis increased from 54.86% in 2000 to 71.6% in 2015 (P = 0.0019). Among inpatients with EI, the most common cause of EI was a traffic accident (44.79%, especially motorcycles), followed by falls (9.75%) and homicide (6.05%).
In Taiwan, the annual EI incidence rate slightly increased from 2000 to 2005 and then decreased through 2015. The proportion of EI patients requiring hospitalization decreased from 1.34% in 2000 to 0.63% in 2015, but the percentage of inpatients requiring surgery increased. Traffic accidents (especially those involving motorcyclists) remained the predominant external cause of EI requiring hospitalization during the study period.
估计台湾因眼外伤（EI）需住院和门诊治疗的发病率，并比较 2000 年、2005 年、2010 年和 2015 年 EI（年龄、性别、治疗场所、季节性、职业、外伤原因、诊断和手术）的流行病学特征。
我们分析了台湾全民健康保险计划 2000 年、2005 年、2010 年和 2015 年四个随机抽取的 100 万受益人的样本。使用直接年龄标准化率（95%置信区间[CI]）比较 4 个日历年度的 EI 发生率。使用卡方检验和卡方趋势检验比较 4 个日历年度的数据。
EI 的年发病率在 2000 年的 2.57%至 2015 年的 3.28%之间。年龄标准化率分别为 2000 年的 2.73%（95%CI，2.70%-2.76%）、2005 年的 3.37%（95%CI，3.33%-3.41%）、2010 年的 3.31%（95%CI，3.28%-3.35%）和 2015 年的 3.02%（95%CI，2.99%-3.06%）。体力劳动者的 EI 发病率最高，其次是非体力劳动者和公务员。需要住院治疗的 EI 比例从 2000 年的 1.34%下降到 2015 年的 0.63%（P<0.0001）。对季节性的分析显示，在 4 个采样年份中，2 月的 EI 一直呈下降趋势；然而，这种 EI 的下降仅见于门诊患者，而不是住院患者。需要手术治疗的门诊患者比例显著下降，从 2000 年的 2.53%下降到 2015 年的 1.2%（P<0.0001）。然而，EI 作为主要诊断需要手术治疗的住院患者比例从 2000 年的 69.32%增加到 2015 年的 83.02%（P=0.29），EI 作为次要诊断需要手术治疗的住院患者比例从 2000 年的 54.86%增加到 2015 年的 71.6%（P=0.0019）。在因 EI 住院的患者中，EI 的最常见原因是交通事故（44.79%，特别是摩托车事故），其次是跌倒（9.75%）和杀人（6.05%）。
在台湾，EI 的年发病率从 2000 年到 2005 年略有上升，然后在 2015 年下降。需要住院治疗的 EI 患者比例从 2000 年的 1.34%下降到 2015 年的 0.63%，但需要手术治疗的住院患者比例增加。在研究期间，交通事故（尤其是涉及摩托车的事故）仍然是需要住院治疗的 EI 的主要外伤原因。
