Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jun 29;21(13):4607. doi: 10.3390/ijms21134607.
Abscisic acid (ABA) is well-known phytohormone involved in the control of plant natural developmental processes, as well as the stress response. Although in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) its role in mechanism of the tolerance to most common abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, or extreme temperatures seems to be fairly well recognized, not many authors considered that changes in ABA content may also influence the sensitivity of cereals to adverse environmental factors, e.g., by accelerating senescence, lowering pollen fertility, and inducing seed dormancy. Moreover, recently, ABA has also been regarded as an element of the biotic stress response; however, its role is still highly unclear. Many studies connect the susceptibility to various diseases with increased concentration of this phytohormone. Therefore, in contrast to the original assumptions, the role of ABA in response to biotic and abiotic stress does not always have to be associated with survival mechanisms; on the contrary, in some cases, abscisic acid can be one of the factors that increases the susceptibility of plants to adverse biotic and abiotic environmental factors.
脱落酸（ABA）是一种众所周知的植物激素，参与植物自然发育过程的控制以及应激反应。尽管在小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）中，它在耐受大多数常见非生物胁迫（如干旱、盐度或极端温度）的机制中的作用似乎得到了相当的认可，但并不是很多作者认为 ABA 含量的变化也可能影响谷物对不利环境因素的敏感性，例如，通过加速衰老、降低花粉活力和诱导种子休眠。此外，最近，ABA 也被认为是生物胁迫反应的一个因素；然而，其作用仍然高度不清楚。许多研究将对各种疾病的易感性与这种植物激素浓度的增加联系起来。因此，与最初的假设相反，ABA 在生物和非生物胁迫反应中的作用并不总是与生存机制相关；相反，在某些情况下，脱落酸可能是增加植物对不利生物和非生物环境因素敏感性的因素之一。
