Weyers Jonathan D B, Paterson Neil W
School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, UK.
New Phytol. 2001 Dec;152(3):375-407. doi: 10.1046/j.0028-646X.2001.00281.x.
This review examines contemporary views of the role of plant hormones in the control of physiological processes. Past and present difficulties with nomenclature encapsulate the problems inherent in using the 'classic' hormone concept in plants, with their distinctive multicellular organization. Chemical control may be a more relevant notion. However, control may also reside in the responding tissue via changes in sensitivity, or as combined control, where response is dictated by both sensitivity and concentration. Criteria for demonstrating these modes of action are reviewed, as well as frameworks for deciding whether hormone transport is involved. Problems of measuring relevant hormone concentrations are discussed. Methods for measuring and comparing tissue sensitivity to hormones are outlined and relative control is introduced as a means of assessing the importance of hormonal control against a background of other influences. While animals and plants appear to have coinherited homologueous intracellular signalling systems, at the whole organism level modes of hormone action may diverge. It is postulated that the synthesis-transport-action mechanism of action may be just one of several possible ways that phytohormones could control physiological processes. Twelve separate roles are discussed, and it is suggested that some of these could operate simultaneously to the plant's advantage. Contents Summary 375 I. Introduction 376 II. The history of the hormone concept in plant systems 376 III. Issues of nomenclature 380 IV. The need for sound conceptual frameworks in plant hormone research 382 V. Development of criteria for chemical control 384 VI. Identification and quantitative analysis of plant hormones 387 VII. Hormone transport in plants 389 VIII. Hormone sensitivity and its quantification 390 IX. Roles of receptors, second messengers and signal amplification in hormone sensitivity changes 393 X. Relative control as a pivotal concept 395 XI. Diversity of physiological roles for chemical influences in plants 397 XII. Concluding remarks 400 Acknowledgements 402 References 402.
本综述探讨了植物激素在生理过程控制中作用的当代观点。过去和现在的命名困难体现了在具有独特多细胞组织的植物中使用“经典”激素概念所固有的问题。化学调控可能是一个更相关的概念。然而，调控也可能通过敏感性变化存在于响应组织中，或者作为联合调控，即响应由敏感性和浓度共同决定。本文综述了证明这些作用模式的标准，以及判断激素运输是否参与的框架。讨论了测量相关激素浓度的问题。概述了测量和比较组织对激素敏感性的方法，并引入相对调控作为在其他影响背景下评估激素调控重要性的一种手段。虽然动物和植物似乎共同继承了同源的细胞内信号系统，但在整个生物体水平上，激素作用模式可能会有所不同。据推测，合成-运输-作用机制可能只是植物激素控制生理过程的几种可能方式之一。文中讨论了十二个不同的作用，并且认为其中一些作用可能同时发挥，对植物有利。内容摘要375 一、引言376 二、植物系统中激素概念的历史376 三、命名问题380 四、植物激素研究中健全概念框架的必要性382 五、化学调控标准的发展384 六、植物激素的鉴定和定量分析387 七、植物中的激素运输389 八、激素敏感性及其量化390 九、受体、第二信使和信号放大在激素敏感性变化中的作用393 十、相对调控作为关键概念395 十一、化学影响在植物中的生理作用多样性397 十二、结束语400 致谢402 参考文献402
