油橄榄加工生物炭对钙质壤土中养分有效性的短期潜在负面影响与正面影响。
Potential short-term negative versus positive effects of olive mill-derived biochar on nutrient availability in a calcareous loamy sand soil.
机构信息
Soil Sciences Department, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 Jul 2;15(7):e0232811. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232811. eCollection 2020.
In the present work, the olive mill solid waste (OMSW)-derived biochar (BC) was produced at various pyrolytic temperatures (300-700°C) and characterized to investigate its potential negative versus positive application effects on pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and nutrients (P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu) availability in a calcareous loamy sand soil. Therefore, a greenhouse pot experiment with maize (Zea mays L.) was conducted using treatments consisting of a control (CK), inorganic fertilizer of NPK (INF), and 1% and 3% (w/w) of OMSW-derived BCs. The results showed that BC yield, volatile matter, functional groups, and zeta potential decreased with pyrolytic temperature, whereas BC pH, EC, and its contents of ash and fixed carbon increased with pyrolytic temperature. The changes in the BC properties with increasing pyrolytic temperatures reflected on soil pH, EC and the performance of soil nutrients availability. The BC application, especially with increasing pyrolytic temperature and/or application rate, significantly increased soil pH, EC, NH4OAc-extractable K, Na, Ca, and Mg, and ammonium bicarbonate-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA)-extractable Fe and Zn, while AB-DTPA-extractable Mn decreased. The application of 1% and 3% BC, respectively, increased the NH4OAc-extractable K by 2.5 and 5.2-fold for BC300, by 3.2 and 8.0-fold for BC500, and by 3.3 and 8.9-fold for BC700 compared with that of untreated soil. The results also showed significant increase in shoot content of K, Na, and Zn, while there was significant decrease in shoot content of P, Ca, Mg, and Mn. Furthermore, no significant effects were observed for maize growth as a result of BC addition. In conclusion, OMSW-derived BC can potentially have positive effects on the enhancement of soil K availability and its plant content but it reduced shoot nutrients, especially for P, Ca, Mg, and Mn; therefore, application of OMSW-derived BC to calcareous soil might be restricted.
在本工作中，以橄榄渣（OMSW）为原料，在不同的热解温度（300-700°C）下制备生物炭（BC），并对其进行了表征，以研究其在石灰性壤土地中对 pH 值、电导率（EC）和养分（P、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn 和 Cu）有效性的潜在负面和正面应用效果。因此，采用含有对照（CK）、无机 NPK 肥（INF）和 1%和 3%（w/w）橄榄渣衍生生物炭的温室盆栽试验，用玉米（Zea mays L.）进行了处理。结果表明，BC 的产率、挥发分、官能团和 ζ 电位随热解温度的升高而降低，而 BC 的 pH 值、EC 值以及灰分和固定碳的含量随热解温度的升高而升高。随着热解温度的升高，BC 性质的变化反映在土壤 pH 值、EC 值和土壤养分有效性上。BC 的应用，特别是随着热解温度和/或应用率的增加，显著增加了土壤 pH 值、EC 值、乙酸铵提取的 K、Na、Ca 和 Mg 以及碳酸氢铵-二乙三胺五乙酸（AB-DTPA）提取的 Fe 和 Zn，而 AB-DTPA 提取的 Mn 则减少。分别添加 1%和 3%的 BC，使 BC300 的乙酸铵提取 K 分别增加了 2.5 倍和 5.2 倍，BC500 的乙酸铵提取 K 分别增加了 3.2 倍和 8.0 倍，BC700 的乙酸铵提取 K 分别增加了 3.3 倍和 8.9 倍，而未处理土壤的乙酸铵提取 K 分别增加了 2.5 倍和 5.2 倍。结果还表明，K、Na 和 Zn 的地上含量显著增加，而 P、Ca、Mg 和 Mn 的地上含量显著降低。此外，由于 BC 的添加，玉米的生长没有表现出显著的影响。总之，橄榄渣衍生的 BC 可能对提高土壤 K 的有效性及其植物含量有积极作用，但会降低地上部养分，特别是 P、Ca、Mg 和 Mn；因此，将橄榄渣衍生的 BC 应用于石灰性土壤可能会受到限制。
Zotero 插件