Department of Natural Medicinal Products and Dietary Supplements, National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
Arch Pharm Res. 2020 Jun;43(6):593-629. doi: 10.1007/s12272-020-01247-w. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
Mistletoe has been used as treatment of many diseases in traditional and folk medicine. To date, anticancer, immunomodulatory, cardiac, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, neuropharmacological, antibacterial and antifungal properties of mistletoe extracts have been studied the most. In this review, we summarized in vitro and in vivo studies on the pharmacological activity of Viscum species. Furthermore, we proposed the possible mechanisms of action of this herb, which might include many signalling pathways. Mistletoe could regulate either similar or different targets in various pathways that act on membrane receptors, enzymes, ion channels, transporter proteins and transcriptional targets. Still, pharmacological activities of mistletoe have been investigated mainly for crude extracts. It is a new field for scientists to determined which chemical compounds are responsible for the individual biological activities of mistletoe and how these activities are achieved. As a result, mistletoe might become a source of new complementary therapies supporting the treatment of many diseases.
槲寄生在传统和民间医学中被用作多种疾病的治疗方法。迄今为止，已对槲寄生提取物的抗癌、免疫调节、心脏、抗糖尿病、保肝、神经药理学、抗菌和抗真菌特性进行了研究。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 Viscum 属植物的药理学活性的体内和体外研究。此外，我们提出了这种草药可能的作用机制，其中可能包括许多信号通路。槲寄生可能会调节不同途径中的类似或不同的靶点，这些靶点作用于膜受体、酶、离子通道、转运蛋白和转录靶点。尽管如此，槲寄生的药理学活性主要是针对粗提取物进行研究的。对于科学家来说，确定哪些化合物负责槲寄生的个别生物活性以及这些活性是如何实现的，这是一个新的领域。因此，槲寄生可能成为支持治疗多种疾病的新的补充疗法的来源。
