Karpati Julia, de Neubourg Chris, Laillou Arnaud, Poirot Etienne
Tilburg School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands.
Poverty and Social Protection, Social Policy Research Institute, Broechem, Belgium.
Matern Child Nutr. 2020 Oct;16 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):e12731. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12731. Epub 2020 Jul 4.
One in three Cambodian children under 5 years of age are stunted. This study adopted a multidimensional approach to understand the influence of a series of contextual factors on the nutritional status of Cambodian children. In this study, we use a multidimensional poverty framework to identify a combination of interventions likely to achieve reductions in child stunting, in Cambodia. We used the UNICEF Multiple Overlapping Deprivation Analysis tool and data from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2014 to assess children's multidimensional poverty across nutrition, health, early childhood development, water, sanitation, and housing dimensions. We found that 80% of children under age five were deprived in at least two poverty dimensions. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that reducing the likelihood of being deprived in three or more poverty dimensions was associated with a significant reduction of the probability of being stunted, after controlling for potential confounders. The combined probability of nondeprivation in nutrition, sanitation, and health dimensions had the largest effect on reducing the probability of stunting. The results of this study highlight the multiple, intersecting needs of children and their associated explanatory factors. Targeted and integrated cross-sectoral policies that reinforce comprehensive early childhood interventions are needed for improving nutritional status as part of a wider set of child poverty reduction measures in Cambodia.
柬埔寨五岁以下儿童中有三分之一发育迟缓。本研究采用多维度方法来了解一系列背景因素对柬埔寨儿童营养状况的影响。在本研究中，我们使用多维度贫困框架来确定在柬埔寨可能实现儿童发育迟缓率降低的一系列干预措施的组合。我们使用了联合国儿童基金会多重重叠剥夺分析工具以及2014年柬埔寨人口与健康调查的数据，来评估儿童在营养、健康、幼儿发展、水、环境卫生和住房等维度的多维度贫困状况。我们发现，80%的五岁以下儿童在至少两个贫困维度中处于被剥夺状态。多变量逻辑回归分析显示，在控制潜在混杂因素后，减少在三个或更多贫困维度中被剥夺的可能性与发育迟缓概率的显著降低相关。营养、环境卫生和健康维度无剥夺的综合概率对降低发育迟缓概率的影响最大。本研究结果凸显了儿童的多重、相互交织的需求及其相关解释因素。作为柬埔寨更广泛的一系列减少儿童贫困措施的一部分，需要有针对性的综合跨部门政策来加强全面的幼儿期干预措施，以改善营养状况。
