Solanki Dhiraj Kumar, Walia Rama, Gautam Akanksha, Misra Anoop, Aggarwal Arun Kumar, Bhansali Anil
Department of Endocrinology, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Fortis Hospital, New Delhi, India.
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Jul 28;33(7):853-858. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0026.
Context Childhood obesity is defined based on body mass index (BMI) criteria. Asian adults have more abdominal adiposity as compared to Western people for an equivalent BMI. Similarly, children who are non-obese/overweight by BMI criteria may have abdominal obesity. It is important to identify and target this population to reduce future cardiovascular risk. Objective To evaluate and inter-relate the prevalence of obesity subtypes (generalized and abdominal) in school going adolescents. Methods A randomized cross-sectional community based study was conducted, which was carried out in 13 schools of Chandigarh, a North Indian city. 10,037 school going adolescents of age 10-18 years were evaluated. Results The prevalence of overweight and generalized obesity in present study was 9.3 and 4.9% respectively. Generalized obesity was observed in 4.2% of males and 5.7% of females (p-Value = 0.001). The abdominal obesity was noted in 5.4% of children and its prevalence increased progressively with age. The prevalence was highest in 16-18 years age-group (7.6%, p<0.001). 39.3% of abdominally obese subjects were not obese by BMI criteria, while prevalence of abdominal obesity in nonobese adolescents was 2.24%. It was more prevalent in females (3.7%) than males (3%, p=0.025). Prevalence of obesity was 7.9 and 1.8% in private and government schools respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions Abdominal obesity is more prevalent than generalized obesity and shows increasing trend with age. Interestingly, over one third of centrally obese adolescents are not obese by BMI criteria. This underlines the importance of waist circumference measurement in addition to BMI while assessing obesity.
背景 儿童肥胖是根据体重指数（BMI）标准来定义的。与西方人相比，亚洲成年人在BMI相当的情况下腹部脂肪更多。同样，按照BMI标准非肥胖/超重的儿童可能存在腹部肥胖。识别并针对这一人群对于降低未来心血管疾病风险很重要。目的 评估并相互关联在校青少年肥胖亚型（全身性和腹部性）的患病率。方法 开展了一项基于社区的随机横断面研究，该研究在印度北部城市昌迪加尔的13所学校进行。对10037名10 - 18岁的在校青少年进行了评估。结果 本研究中超重和全身性肥胖的患病率分别为9.3%和4.9%。全身性肥胖在4.2%的男性和5.7%的女性中被观察到（p值 = 0.001）。5.4%的儿童存在腹部肥胖，其患病率随年龄逐渐增加。在16 - 18岁年龄组中患病率最高（7.6%，p<0.001）。39.3%的腹部肥胖受试者按BMI标准并非肥胖，而非肥胖青少年中腹部肥胖的患病率为2.24%。在女性中（3.7%）比男性中（3%，p = 0.025）更普遍。私立学校和政府学校的肥胖患病率分别为7.9%和1.8%（p<0.001）。结论 腹部肥胖比全身性肥胖更普遍，且随年龄呈上升趋势。有趣的是，超过三分之一的中心性肥胖青少年按BMI标准并非肥胖。这突出了在评估肥胖时除BMI外测量腰围的重要性。
