Volkow N D, Mullani N, Gould K L, Adler S, Krajewski K
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston.
Br J Psychiatry. 1988 May;152:641-8. doi: 10.1192/bjp.152.5.641.
Occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents has been associated with cocaine abuse. We investigated the relative distribution of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in groups of chronic cocaine users, and of normal controls. Relative CBF was measured using positron emission tomography and 15 oxygen-labelled water. The cocaine users showed areas of deranged CBF as evidenced by patchy regions of defective isotope accumulation throughout their brain. The chronic cocaine users showed decreased relative CBF in the prefrontal cortex when compared with normal subjects. The repeated scans of some cocaine users, after 10 days of cocaine withdrawal, continued to show decreased relative CBF of the prefrontal cortex. We hypothesise that some of the widespread defects in CBF in the cocaine users could reflect the effects of vasospasm in cerebral arteries exposed chronically to the sympathomimetic actions of cocaine.
脑血管意外的发生与可卡因滥用有关。我们调查了慢性可卡因使用者组和正常对照组脑血流量（CBF）的相对分布情况。使用正电子发射断层扫描和15氧标记水来测量相对脑血流量。可卡因使用者表现出脑血流量紊乱的区域，其大脑中存在同位素积累缺陷的斑片状区域可证明这一点。与正常受试者相比，慢性可卡因使用者前额叶皮质的相对脑血流量降低。一些可卡因使用者在戒断可卡因10天后进行的重复扫描显示，前额叶皮质的相对脑血流量持续降低。我们推测，可卡因使用者脑血流量广泛存在的一些缺陷可能反映了长期暴露于可卡因拟交感神经作用下的脑动脉血管痉挛的影响。
