Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain).
The Ohio State University (USA).
Span J Psychol. 2020 Jun 19;23:e23. doi: 10.1017/SJP.2020.21.
Can people improve their lives by smiling more, trying to have a better posture, and by thinking about good memories? Can individuals become more successful by deliberatively engaging in positive actions and thoughts? Do people feel better by following recommendations from naïve psychology? In the present article we discuss these questions, noting that although some popular interventions thought to be universally beneficial (e.g., inductions of happiness, self-affirmation, empowerment, self-distancing) can sometimes yield positive outcomes, at other times the outcomes can also be negative. Taking an empirical approach based on experimental evidence, we postulate that understanding the underlying processes discovered in the science of persuasion is the key for specifying why, when, and for whom these practical initiatives are more likely to work or to backfire.
人们是否可以通过更多微笑、保持良好姿势和回忆美好记忆来改善生活？人们是否可以通过深思熟虑地采取积极的行动和思想来变得更加成功？人们是否会因为遵循天真的心理学建议而感觉更好？在本文中，我们讨论了这些问题，指出虽然一些被认为普遍有益的流行干预措施（例如，幸福感诱导、自我肯定、赋权、自我疏离）有时可能会产生积极的结果，但在其他时候，结果也可能是负面的。基于实验证据的实证方法，我们假设理解说服科学中发现的潜在过程是确定这些实际举措更有可能奏效或适得其反的原因、时间和对象的关键。
