Thakore Dhara, Srivastava Ashok K
Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi India.
Eng Life Sci. 2017 May 26;17(9):997-1005. doi: 10.1002/elsc.201700012. eCollection 2017 Sep.
The extensive use of nondegradable chemical pesticides for pest management has developed serious environmental hazards. This has necessitated the urgent need to switch over to an alternative mode of biopesticide development for mass agriculture and field crop protection. (commonly known as neem) houses a plethora of bioactive secondary metabolites with azadirachtin being the most active constituent explored in the sector of ecofriendly and biodegradable biopesticides characterized by low toxicity toward nontarget organisms. It has been reported that the highest content of azadirachtin and related limonoids is present in the seeds, available once in a year. Moreover, the inconsistent content and purity of the metabolites in whole plant makes it imperative to tap the potential of plant tissue culture applications, which would allow for several controlled manipulations for better yield and productivities. This review gives a summarized literature of the applied research and achievements in plant cell/hairy cultures of mainly in context with the biopesticide azadirachtin and applications thereof.
为进行害虫管理而大量使用不可降解的化学农药已造成严重的环境危害。这使得迫切需要转向另一种生物农药开发模式，用于大规模农业和大田作物保护。印楝（俗称苦楝）含有大量生物活性次生代谢产物，印楝素是生态友好型和可生物降解生物农药领域中最具活性的成分，其对非目标生物的毒性较低。据报道，印楝素和相关柠檬苦素的最高含量存在于种子中，种子一年才有一次收获。此外，整株植物中代谢产物的含量和纯度不一致，这使得挖掘植物组织培养应用的潜力势在必行，植物组织培养应用可以进行多种可控操作，以提高产量和生产率。本综述总结了主要围绕生物农药印楝素及其应用的植物细胞/毛状根培养的应用研究和成果的文献。
