Jeger Michael, Bragard Claude, Caffier David, Candresse Thierry, Chatzivassiliou Elisavet, Dehnen-Schmutz Katharina, Gilioli Gianni, Jaques Miret Josep Anton, MacLeod Alan, Navajas Navarro Maria, Niere Björn, Parnell Stephen, Potting Roel, Rafoss Trond, Rossi Vittorio, Urek Gregor, Van Bruggen Ariena, Van der Werf Wopke, West Jonathan, Winter Stephan, Kenis Marc, Kertész Virág, Grégoire Jean-Claude
EFSA J. 2018 Jun 21;16(6):e05300. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5300. eCollection 2018 Jun.
The Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the non-EU spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). They constitute a well-defined taxon, with non-EU species distributed in the USA, Canada, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, China, Japan, Korea, Russia and South Africa, some of which are recognised as severe pests of conifers, mainly spp. and spp., or vector pathogens. The immature stages either live in the phloem and cambium of healthy, weakened or dead trees, or in the terminal shoots of living trees. They are listed as quarantine pests in Annex IAI of Directive 2000/29/EC. Plants for planting, branches of conifers and non-squared wood are considered as pathways. The pest can also disperse by hitchhiking, and fly over kilometres. The adults are long-lived (up to 4 years). They feed by puncturing the bark of stems or shoots. Females lay eggs in chewed-out cavities in the bark. The life cycle varies with species and local climatic conditions. At the end of the larval stage, the larva excavates a pupal cell between the sapwood and the bark, in the sapwood or in terminal shoots. spp. overwinter as adults in the litter or as larvae or teneral adults in the galleries or pupal cells. The current geographic range of the non-European spp. suggests that many of them may establish in the EU territory, where their hosts are widely present. We list some species which, if introduced to the EU, would most probably have an economic impact on plantations or may interfere with forest ecosystem processes although they are mainly abundant and damaging in intensively managed monocultures. All criteria for considering those non-EU spp. as potential quarantine pests are met. The criteria for considering them as non-regulated quarantine pests are not met because they are absent from the EU territory.
植物健康小组对非欧盟的 属（鞘翅目：象甲科）进行了有害生物分类。它们构成一个明确界定的分类单元，非欧盟物种分布在美国、加拿大、墨西哥、危地马拉、萨尔瓦多、中国、日本、韩国、俄罗斯和南非，其中一些被认为是针叶树的严重害虫，主要是 属和 属，或传播病原体。未成熟阶段要么生活在健康、衰弱或死亡树木的韧皮部和形成层中，要么生活在活树的顶梢中。它们被列为 2000/29/EC 指令附件 IAI 中的检疫性有害生物。种植用植物、针叶树的枝条和未锯方的木材被视为传播途径。该有害生物也可通过搭便车传播，飞行数公里。成虫寿命长（可达 4 年）。它们通过刺破茎或梢的树皮取食。雌虫在树皮中咬出的洞中产卵。生命周期因物种和当地气候条件而异。在幼虫阶段末期，幼虫在边材和树皮之间、边材中或顶梢中挖掘一个蛹室。 属以成虫在落叶层中越冬，或以幼虫或嫩成虫在虫道或蛹室中越冬。非欧洲 属目前的地理分布范围表明，它们中的许多可能在欧盟领土上定殖，因为欧盟境内广泛存在其寄主。我们列出了一些物种，如果引入欧盟，很可能会对种植园产生经济影响，或可能干扰森林生态系统进程，尽管它们主要在集约管理的单一栽培中数量众多且具有破坏性。将这些非欧盟 属视为潜在检疫性有害生物的所有标准均已满足。将它们视为非管制检疫性有害生物的标准未满足，因为它们在欧盟领土上不存在。
