Bragard Claude, Dehnen-Schmutz Katharina, Gonthier Paolo, Jacques Marie-Agnès, Jaques Miret Josep Anton, Justesen Annemarie Fejer, MacLeod Alan, Magnusson Christer Sven, Milonas Panagiotis, Navas-Cortes Juan A, Parnell Stephen, Potting Roel, Reignault Philippe Lucien, Thulke Hans-Hermann, Van der Werf Wopke, Vicent Civera Antonio, Yuen Jonathan, Zappalà Lucia, Candresse Thierry, Chatzivassiliou Elisavet, Finelli Franco, Winter Stephan, Bosco Domenico, Chiumenti Michela, Di Serio Francesco, Kaluski Tomasz, Minafra Angelantonio, Rubino Luisa
EFSA J. 2019 Sep 30;17(9):e05735. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5735. eCollection 2019 Sep.
Following a request from the EU Commission, the Panel on Plant Health addressed the pest categorisation of the viruses and viroids of L. determined as being either non-EU or of undetermined standing in a previous EFSA opinion. These infectious agents belong to different genera and are heterogeneous in their biology. With the exclusion of Ilarvirus S1 and Ilarvirus S2, for which very limited information exists, the pest categorisation was completed for 26 viruses and 1 viroid having acknowledged identities and available detection methods. All these viruses are efficiently transmitted by vegetative plant propagation techniques, with plants for planting representing the major pathway for long-distance dispersal and thus considered as the major pathway for entry. Depending on the virus, additional pathway(s) can also be seeds, pollen and/or vector(s). Most of the viruses categorised here are known to infect only one or few plant genera, but some of them have a wide host range, thus extending the possible entry pathways. Apple scar skin viroid, American plum line pattern virus, cherry mottle leaf virus, cherry rasp leaf virus, cherry rosette virus, cherry rusty mottle-associated virus, cherry twisted leaf-associated virus, peach enation virus, peach mosaic virus, peach rosette mosaic virus, tobacco ringspot virus and tomato ringspot virus meet all the criteria evaluated by EFSA to qualify as potential Union quarantine pests (QPs). With the exception of impact in the EU territory, on which the Panel was unable to conclude, apricot vein clearing virus, Asian prunus virus 1, Asian prunus virus 2, Asian prunus virus 3, Caucasus prunus virus, cherry virus B, Mume virus A, nectarine stem pitting-associated virus, nectarine virus M, peach chlorotic mottle virus, peach leaf pitting-associated virus, peach virus D, prunus virus F and prunus virus T satisfy all the other criteria to be considered as potential Union QPs. Prunus geminivirus A does not meet the criterion of having negative impact in the EU. For several viruses, especially those recently discovered, the categorisation is associated with high uncertainties mainly because of the absence of data on their biology, distribution and impact. Since this opinion addresses specifically the non-EU viruses, in general these viruses do not meet the criteria assessed by EFSA to qualify as potential Union regulated non-quarantine pests.
应欧盟委员会的要求，植物健康小组对李属病毒和类病毒进行了有害生物分类，这些病毒和类病毒在之前的欧洲食品安全局意见中被确定为非欧盟有害生物或地位未明。这些传染性病原体属于不同的属，其生物学特性各不相同。除了关于李痘病毒S1和李痘病毒S2的信息非常有限外，对26种病毒和1种类病毒完成了有害生物分类，这些病毒和类病毒具有公认的身份和可用的检测方法。所有这些病毒都能通过植物营养繁殖技术有效传播，种植用植物是远距离传播的主要途径，因此被视为主要的传入途径。根据病毒的不同，其他途径也可能是种子、花粉和/或传毒介体。这里分类的大多数病毒已知仅感染一个或少数几个植物属，但其中一些病毒具有广泛的寄主范围，从而扩大了可能的传入途径。苹果褪绿叶斑类病毒、美洲李线条病毒、樱桃斑驳叶病毒、樱桃锉叶病毒、樱桃莲座病毒、樱桃锈斑驳相关病毒、樱桃扭曲叶相关病毒、桃肿枝病毒、桃花叶病毒、桃莲座花叶病毒、烟草环斑病毒和番茄环斑病毒符合欧洲食品安全局评估的所有标准，有资格被列为潜在的欧盟检疫性有害生物（QP）。除了无法就其在欧盟境内的影响得出结论外，杏褪绿病毒、亚洲李属病毒1、亚洲李属病毒2、亚洲李属病毒3、高加索李属病毒、樱桃病毒B、梅病毒A、油桃茎痘相关病毒、油桃病毒M、桃褪绿斑驳病毒、桃叶痘相关病毒、桃病毒D、李属病毒F和李属病毒T满足被视为潜在欧盟检疫性有害生物的所有其他标准。李属双生病毒A不符合在欧盟产生负面影响的标准。对于几种病毒，特别是那些最近发现的病毒，分类存在高度不确定性，主要是因为缺乏关于其生物学、分布和影响的数据。由于本意见专门针对非欧盟病毒，一般来说，这些病毒不符合欧洲食品安全局评估的被列为潜在欧盟管制的非检疫性有害生物的标准。
